Thinking and Problem-Solving

6. The tendency to search for, interpret, and remember information that confirms one's preexisting beliefs, while ignoring contradictory evidence.
7. Mental shortcuts or "rules of thumb" that simplify decision-making but can sometimes lead to errors in judgment.
8. Aproblem-solving strategy that involves following a step-by-step procedure to find the correct solution.
11. The tendency to cling to one's initial beliefs even when faced with evidence that contradicts them.
12. The cognitive process of thinking that leads to a single, correct solution to a problem, often emphasized in traditional intelligence tests.
13. A mental shortcut where people judge the likelihood of an event based on how similar it is to a prototype, often leading to biased decisions.
14. The cognitive process of generating multiple, unique solutions to an open-ended problem, often associated with creativity.

1. The ability to produce novel and valuable ideas, often involving originality and flexibility in thinking.
2. The way an issue or question is presented, which can influence decisions and judgments.
3. The tendency to draw conclusions based on what aligns with one’s preexisting beliefs, rather than on logic or evidence.
4. The inability to perceive an object or tool as having a function other than its typical use, which can hinder problem-solving.
5. A mental shortcut where people make judgments about the likelihood of an event based on how easily examples come to mind, often influenced by recent or vivid memories.
9. The tendency to be more confident in one's abilities, knowledge, or judgments than is justified by the actual evidence or reality.
10. The tendency to approach problems in a particular way, often based on past experiences, which can hinder problem-solving in new situations.