Thunder Rolling in the Mountains (Difficult)

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Across
  1. 4. The final mountain battle site located just 40 miles south of the Canadian border where Chief Joseph surrendered.
  2. 5. The one-armed U.S. Army General who commanded the troops pursuing Chief Joseph's band.
  3. 6. Chief Joseph’s pregnant wife who courageously gave birth during the journey.
  4. 8. The fateful military decision at Bear Paw Mountain, driven by severe starvation, freezing cold, and the death of key leaders.
  5. 12. The distinct, spotted horse breed selectively bred by the Nez Perce, serving as a symbol of their wealth, mobility, and cultural pride.
  6. 13. The French exonym ("pierced nose") given to the tribe by early fur traders, despite the practice being uncommon among them.
  7. 15. The battle site where the U.S. Army mounted a surprise attack on sleeping families, breaking unwritten codes of warfare.
  8. 16. The economic interest, along with gold, driving white settlers and ranchers to demand Nez Perce land removal.
  9. 17. The respected war leader whose initial reluctance to fight turned to fierce resistance after his peaceful camp was attacked.
  10. 18. "Old Lady's Country"
  11. 19. The ancestral "Valley of Winding Waters" that serves as the novel's central motif for lost paradise and identity.
Down
  1. 1. The experienced war chief chosen to lead the tribe's march toward Canada after the battle at Big Hole.
  2. 2. The religious followers (led by figures like Too-hul-hul-sote) who believed the earth was sacred and refused to farm or divide land.
  3. 3. The target reservation in Idaho where the U.S. government tried to force Chief Joseph and his people to move.
  4. 7. The self-designated traditional name used by the tribe, meaning "The People".
  5. 9. Chief Joseph’s brother and the strategic military commander of the Nez Perce who led defenses while Joseph protected non-combatants.
  6. 10. The quiet artist whose forced evolution into a warrior illustrates how total war consumes individual identity.
  7. 11. Broken legal agreements (such as the 1863 "Thief Treaty") that fueled tribal division and military conflict.
  8. 14. Restricted government-designated lands (like Lapwai) designed to dismantle nomadic indigenous ways of life.