Tools for Climate Discovery

2. Every year, these animals build new layers of their structure, which can tell scientists about the water temperature and chemical makeup of the water in the year they were made.
3. These carry weather-monitoring instruments into the upper atmosphere and send back data about the temperature of different layers of Earth's atmosphere.
7. These can provide data from 1000 years ago up to the present and contain descriptions in almanacs, diaries, and historical archives.
9. These computer programs that use mathematical equations to describe how Earth's climate system works and can help scientists understand how and why Earth's climate has changed in the past and predict what will happen in the future.
10. These are like weather stations that float in the ocean. They have been used to record climate data for the last 100 years.
11. Weather stations are a collection of weather monitoring tools, such as thermometers, _________, and rain gauges, that send information to scientists about local weather conditions.

1. Ice cores are tubes of ice drilled out of a _______ or an ice sheet and allows scientist to collect samples from trapped air bubbles, pollen, and dust that provide climate data about past seasons or years.
4. These can provide climate information from hundreds to thousands of years ago giving us information about moisture and temperature of different growing seasons.
5. These can record climate data going back millions of years, and are composed of rocks, sediment, and fossils that provide clues about past climate trends.
6. These have been orbiting the Earth for about the last 40 years tracking climate trends and providing detailed pictures of the Earth's surface.
8. Ice core records can go back up to 800,000 years, and give more general data as you go back to the deeper, and older layers because they are more ________.