Topic 11.1 Antibody production and vaccination

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Across
  1. 3. A compound that is released by cells in response to injury and causes allergic and inflammatory reactions, causing contraction of smooth muscle and dilation of capillaries. (9)
  2. 4. antibodies Monoclonal antibodies that are selected for attaching to an antibody + target molecule antigen for the testing line in a lateral flow test, or for the antibody alone fro the control line. (22)
  3. 6. Substance deliberately introduced into a body to produce and immune response and develop memory cells (7)
  4. 9. Type of white blood cell that is part of the immune system: Includes B and T cells (10)
  5. 11. B lymphocytes that do not become plasma cells but remain dormant until reactivated by the same antigen. (6, 5)
  6. 13. antibodies Antibodies produced by a single clone of B lymphocytes and that are therefore identical in structure and antigen specificity. (21)
  7. 16. Proteins secreted by cytotoxic T cells to aid in antigen destruction (9)
  8. 17. An immune response in which the binding of antibodies to the surface of a microbe facilitates phagocytosis of the the microbe by a macrophage (12)
  9. 19. Immunity gained either by vaccination or receiving ready made anti bodies (10)
  10. 21. Membrane proteins that are covalently bonded to carbohydrates, forming part of the glycocalyx (13)
  11. 23. vaccine Vaccine composed of a weakened form of the pathogen that is generally unable to cause disease (18)
  12. 24. Molecules on the surface of cells which can trigger an immune response. (8)
  13. 25. A cell hybrid produced in vitro by the fusion of a lymphocyte that produces antibodies and a myeloma tumour cell in order to produce a continuous supply of a specific antibody. (9)
  14. 27. Branch of medical science concerned with the incidence, distribution, and control of diseases that affect large numbers of people. (12)
Down
  1. 1. Cells that develop from B cells and produce antibodies. (6, 5)
  2. 2. presenting cell __________ ___________ cell (APC): a cell that displays antigen bound by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins on its surface; may be macrophages, B cells or dendritic cells (23)
  3. 5. Immunity to infection acquired either by prior infection or through antibodies from the mother e.g. in breast milk (7)
  4. 7. A membrane phospholipid with one or more covalently attached carbohydrates, forming part of the glycocalyx (11)
  5. 8. selection ____________ selection: The activation of more than one type B-cell on exposure to a foreign microbe due to the many different antigens on its surface. (20)
  6. 10. response __________ response: Initial response to a specific antigen, where T and B lymphocytes are activated and specific antibodies and memory cells to the antigen produced. (16)
  7. 12. Type of white blood cell that is part of the immune system including B and T cells (10)
  8. 14. Clumping of microorganisms or blood cells, typically due to an antigen-antibody interaction. (13)
  9. 15. Protein that is produced by lymphocytes and that attaches to a specific antigen. (10)
  10. 18. response The adaptive immune response provoked by a second exposure to an antigen. It differs from the primary response by starting sooner and building more quickly. (9)
  11. 20. Group of proteins on cell surfaces that help the immune system distinguish between self and non-self (3)
  12. 22. the short-term immunity that results from the introduction of antibodies from another person or animal (7)
  13. 26. A form of acquired immunity in which the body produces its own antibodies against disease-causing antigens, may be natural or artificial (6)