TOPIC 14: STEM CELLS

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Across
  1. 2. Is an example of transcription factor which triggers the development and lineage commitment or differentiation of cells.
  2. 3. Multipotent stem cells of blood in bone marrow can differentiate to form ________cells of the lymphoid and myeloid lineage.
  3. 4. Umbilical cord can be a source of multipotent stem cells which can be frozen for future therapeutic use and ___________transfer.
  4. 5. Cell ____________ is based on the concept that somatic cell nucleus contain all of the genes needed for full development of an embryo as proposed by Sir John Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka, both won the 2012 Nobel Laureates prize in Medicine or physiology.
  5. 8. The __________ of stem cells decreases when cells differentiate.
  6. 10. Bone marrow is a source for ___________ stem cells, which can be cryopreserved and transfer back to patient to replenish cell population, after patient is treated with chemotherapy
  7. 12. Pluripotent stem cells be identified using distinct surface ______ to indicate the extent of differentiation.
  8. 13. Binding of sperm cell to its specific receptor on egg cell will initiate GPCR cell signalling for release of ___________ions from ER to the cytoplasm of the egg, initiating formation of a protective fertilization envelop around the fertilized egg.
  9. 14. Stem cells renewal mechanisms include obligatory asymmetric replication and stochastic differentiation
  10. 16. _________ stem cells secrete substances necessary for ECM that can promote the in vitro proliferation and differentiation of stem cells on an artificial scaffold for regeneration and repair of damage tissue.
  11. 17. Cells able to give rise to most, but not all, tissues of an organism, eg. cells from the inner mass or blastocyst stage.
  12. 19. The formation and thickening of the fertilization envelop that surrounds the fertilised egg is due to the_______ of hydrolytic enzymes stored in vesicles.
Down
  1. 1. Are 1-2 cell stage of an embryo and have unlimited ability to form other cell or tissue types and even the embryo itself.
  2. 3. Is a tool for rapid assessment of pluripotency in human in vitro stem cell preparations by comparing whole genome expression profile or transcriptomic profile of the derived stem cell line with the undifferentiated euploid human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs).
  3. 6. An alternate approach for tissue therapy is to____________ terminally differentiated cells to dedifferentiate into multipotent proliferative cells with the capacity to regenerate all components of a damaged tissue.
  4. 7. Cells committed to give rise to cells that have a specific function, eg. hematopoietic stem cells.
  5. 9. In _________ cloning, nucleus from patient’s somatic cell is transfer to a enucleated oocyte from a donor to generate an embryo that can provide stem cells that is immunologically compatible with donor patient for transplantation.
  6. 11. Sir John Gurdon demonstrated that the nucleus of a frog’s _________cell could be reprogrammed to behave like the nucleus of a fertilized frog egg.
  7. 15. Which part of an egg contained factors capable of orchestrating the necessary changes in an incoming nucleus?
  8. 18. These cells can be produced by treatment with transcription factors to revert intact mouse somatic cells to pluripotent state without an egg or embryo as intermediary.