TOPIC 4 BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES - KEYWORD REVIEW

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Across
  1. 1. When more glucose is available than needed, this is converted into glycogen or starch/fat for storage
  2. 3. From Greek monos = single, sacchar = sugar; a single sugar molecule — the simplest type of carbohydrate
  3. 4. The other smallest sub-unit of lipid molecules (combined with fatty acids to form a lipid)
  4. 6. The function of glycogen in animal cells and starch in plant cells — excess glucose is converted into these molecules for this purpose
  5. 7. A monosaccharide; a primary source of energy during respiration; excess is converted into glycogen (in animals) or starch (in plants) for storage
  6. 10. Type of sugar detected by Benedict's test; includes glucose, fructose, galactose, maltose and lactose
  7. 13. The result observed in Benedict's test when the mixture remains blue
  8. 14. From Greek poly = many; formed when numerous monosaccharides are joined together to form large molecules
  9. 16. A disaccharide; one of the reducing sugars tested for using Benedict's test
  10. 18. Food test used to detect the presence of protein
  11. 20. The starting colour of Benedict's reagent before heating — a positive result shows a colour change from this colour
  12. 23. From Greek di = two; formed when 2 monosaccharides are joined together
  13. 27. A polysaccharide; makes up plant cell walls, providing supporting structures; cannot be digested by humans
  14. 30. The smallest sub-unit (monomer) of a DNA molecule
  15. 31. One of the four main biological molecules; carries genetic information; found in the nucleus
  16. 32. A polysaccharide; an energy storage molecule found in plant cells; found in vegetables, rice, noodles, bread, cereal and plant storage organs such as potato and tapioca
Down
  1. 2. Food test used to detect the presence of lipids (fats and oils); also known as the emulsion test
  2. 5. The colour change observed in the Biuret test when protein is present — positive result
  3. 8. The colour change observed when iodine solution is added to a food sample that contains starch — positive result
  4. 9. One of the four main biological molecules; includes sugars, starch, glycogen and cellulose; made of C, H and O
  5. 11. Food test used to detect the presence of starch
  6. 12. A monosaccharide; one of the reducing sugars tested for using Benedict's test
  7. 14. One of the four main biological molecules; made of amino acids; contains the elements C, H, O, N (and sometimes S)
  8. 15. An organ in mammals where glycogen is mainly stored
  9. 17. The smallest sub-unit (monomer) of a protein molecule
  10. 19. A milky-white suspension that forms in the ethanol emulsion test when lipid is present — the positive result
  11. 21. A disaccharide; one of the reducing sugars tested for using Benedict's test
  12. 22. One of the four main biological molecules; includes fats and oils; made of C, H and O
  13. 24. The colour of the precipitate formed when Benedict's test gives a strongly positive result for reducing sugar
  14. 25. A polysaccharide; an energy storage form of carbohydrate found in animal cells and fungi; stored mainly in the liver and the muscles in mammals
  15. 26. A monosaccharide; one of the reducing sugars tested for using Benedict's test
  16. 28. One of the smallest sub-units (building blocks) of lipid molecules
  17. 29. Food test used to detect the presence of reducing sugars (glucose, fructose, galactose, maltose, lactose)