TOPIC 4 BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES - KEYWORD REVIEW
Across
- 1. When more glucose is available than needed, this is converted into glycogen or starch/fat for storage
- 3. From Greek monos = single, sacchar = sugar; a single sugar molecule — the simplest type of carbohydrate
- 4. The other smallest sub-unit of lipid molecules (combined with fatty acids to form a lipid)
- 6. The function of glycogen in animal cells and starch in plant cells — excess glucose is converted into these molecules for this purpose
- 7. A monosaccharide; a primary source of energy during respiration; excess is converted into glycogen (in animals) or starch (in plants) for storage
- 10. Type of sugar detected by Benedict's test; includes glucose, fructose, galactose, maltose and lactose
- 13. The result observed in Benedict's test when the mixture remains blue
- 14. From Greek poly = many; formed when numerous monosaccharides are joined together to form large molecules
- 16. A disaccharide; one of the reducing sugars tested for using Benedict's test
- 18. Food test used to detect the presence of protein
- 20. The starting colour of Benedict's reagent before heating — a positive result shows a colour change from this colour
- 23. From Greek di = two; formed when 2 monosaccharides are joined together
- 27. A polysaccharide; makes up plant cell walls, providing supporting structures; cannot be digested by humans
- 30. The smallest sub-unit (monomer) of a DNA molecule
- 31. One of the four main biological molecules; carries genetic information; found in the nucleus
- 32. A polysaccharide; an energy storage molecule found in plant cells; found in vegetables, rice, noodles, bread, cereal and plant storage organs such as potato and tapioca
Down
- 2. Food test used to detect the presence of lipids (fats and oils); also known as the emulsion test
- 5. The colour change observed in the Biuret test when protein is present — positive result
- 8. The colour change observed when iodine solution is added to a food sample that contains starch — positive result
- 9. One of the four main biological molecules; includes sugars, starch, glycogen and cellulose; made of C, H and O
- 11. Food test used to detect the presence of starch
- 12. A monosaccharide; one of the reducing sugars tested for using Benedict's test
- 14. One of the four main biological molecules; made of amino acids; contains the elements C, H, O, N (and sometimes S)
- 15. An organ in mammals where glycogen is mainly stored
- 17. The smallest sub-unit (monomer) of a protein molecule
- 19. A milky-white suspension that forms in the ethanol emulsion test when lipid is present — the positive result
- 21. A disaccharide; one of the reducing sugars tested for using Benedict's test
- 22. One of the four main biological molecules; includes fats and oils; made of C, H and O
- 24. The colour of the precipitate formed when Benedict's test gives a strongly positive result for reducing sugar
- 25. A polysaccharide; an energy storage form of carbohydrate found in animal cells and fungi; stored mainly in the liver and the muscles in mammals
- 26. A monosaccharide; one of the reducing sugars tested for using Benedict's test
- 28. One of the smallest sub-units (building blocks) of lipid molecules
- 29. Food test used to detect the presence of reducing sugars (glucose, fructose, galactose, maltose, lactose)