Types of Soil

123456789101112131415
Across
  1. 4. material Comes from plants, insects, birds, animals, or any other thing that was once alive. As the decomposers, such as any organism, especially a soil bacterium, fungus, or invertebrate, that decomposes organic material, eat the dead organisms, and then excrete their waste, the soil becomes richer and darker.
  2. 5. The original parent rock from which smaller particles have been removed by weathering and erosion.
  3. 7. Sand measures 2.0 mm to 0.06 mm. Silt measures 0.06 mm to 0.002 mm. Clay measures less than 0.002 mm
  4. 8. The average weather conditions of an area over time, usually about thirty years.
  5. 9. The upper, outermost layer of soil, usually the top 5–10 inches (13–25 cm). It has the highest concentration of organic matter and microorganisms and is where most of the Earth's biological soil activity occurs. Topsoil is composed of mineral particles, organic matter, water, and air.
  6. 10. The size of the particles creates texture in the soil and it determines the amount of moisture and air that can be in the soil.
  7. 11. The process by which sediments are laid down in new locations. The smaller particles become part of the soil in an area.
  8. 12. Ability to transmit air and water through porous rock or sediments.
  9. 13. The destructive process by which materials at or near the surface are changed in color, texture, composition, firmness, or form. The beginning of erosion.
  10. 15. Made of loose, weathered rock and organic material in which plants with roots can grow. The rock material is composed of sand, silt, and clay.
Down
  1. 1. The ability of soil to sustain plant growth and optimize crops.
  2. 2. Individual particles that have been carried from another place by wind, moving water, gravity or glacial action, then deposited in a new place.
  3. 3. A process that changes the chemical composition of the surface of the rock and breaks it down into smaller pieces.
  4. 6. Naturally occurring inorganic solid with an orderly crystalline structure and definite chemical composition.
  5. 14. The process by which weathered rock and soil are removed and then carried from one place to another.