U11 Vocabulary-Reactions & Bonding

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Across
  1. 2. A substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed or permanently changed.
  2. 3. A solid in which the particles are arranged in a regular, repeating three-dimensional pattern.
  3. 5. A combination of chemical symbols and subscripts that shows the types and numbers of atoms in a compound.
  4. 10. A chemical reaction in which the positive ions of two ionic compounds exchange places to form two new compounds.
  5. 14. The numbers placed in front of chemical formulas in a balanced equation to show the relative amounts of reactants and products.
  6. 16. A chemical reaction in which a substance reacts rapidly with oxygen, producing heat and light (usually a hydrocarbon + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O).
  7. 19. A symbolic representation of a chemical reaction using formulas and symbols for reactants and products.
  8. 21. The force of attraction between positively charged metal ions and the surrounding sea of mobile valence electrons.
  9. 22. The energy stored in the chemical bonds of substances; released or absorbed during chemical reactions.
Down
  1. 1. The mass in grams of one mole of a substance; numerically equal to the atomic or formula mass in amu.
  2. 3. A chemical bond formed by the sharing of one or more pairs of electrons between two atoms.
  3. 4. A chemical reaction in which a single compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances.
  4. 6. A chemical reaction that absorbs heat energy from the surroundings (feels cold; ΔH is positive).
  5. 7. A chemical bond formed by the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions (usually a metal and a nonmetal).
  6. 8. A chemical reaction that releases heat energy to the surroundings (feels hot; ΔH is negative).
  7. 9. The force of attraction that holds atoms or ions together in a compound.
  8. 11. A diagram that shows the valence electrons of an atom or molecule as dots around the symbol (also called a Lewis dot structure).
  9. 12. A negatively charged ion formed when an atom or group of atoms gains one or more electrons.
  10. 13. A positively charged ion formed when an atom or group of atoms loses one or more electrons.
  11. 15. The smallest unit of a covalent compound that retains the properties of that compound; a group of atoms held together by covalent bonds.
  12. 17. An atom or group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge due to the loss or gain of electrons.
  13. 18. A mixture of two or more metals (or a metal and a nonmetal) that has metallic properties.
  14. 20. The state in which the forward and reverse rates of a reversible chemical reaction are equal, so concentrations remain constant.
  15. 21. The SI unit for amount of substance; contains 6.02 × 10²³ particles (Avogadro’s number).