Unit 1 genetics and Heredity

5. having the same relation, relative position, or structure.
9. the fundamental and distinctive characteristics or qualities of someone or something
11. Ribonucleic acid, a nucleic acid present in all living things
13. a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell
15. the relationship between two versions of a gene
16. relating to or denoting heritable characteristics controlled by genes that are expressed in offspring only when inherited from both parents, i.e., when not masked by a dominant characteristic inherited from one parent.
17. an organism or microorganism whose genetic material has been altered by means of genetic engineering
19. the joining of an egg cell and sperm cell to form the first stage of embryo

1. fertilized egg cell that results from the union of a female gamete (egg or ouum) with a male gamete (sperm)
2. synthesis the process in which cells make proteins
3. large biomolecules and macromoleclules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues
4. any cell of a living organism other than the reproductive cells
6. squares a tool that helps to show all possible allelic combinations of gametes in a cross of parents with known genotyes combinations of gametes in a cross or parents with known genotypes
7. the quality of a cell or organism having a single set of chromosomes
8. the product of reproduction, a new organism produced by one or more parents
10. a unit of heredity which is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristics of the offspring
12. one of two or more versions of a gene
14. a cell or organism that has paired chromosomes, one from each parent
17. the genetic constitution of an individual organism
18. engineering the deliberate modification of the characteristics of an organism by manipulating its genetic material.