UNIT 1 LEGAL STUDIES

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Across
  1. 6. A less serious criminal offence heard in the Magistrates' Court.
  2. 10. The physical act of committing a crime.
  3. 15. A separate claim made by the defendant in a civil case in response to the original claim made against them.
  4. 16. A person who has knowingly assisted someone in the commission of a crime.
  5. 17. A piece of legislation that contains the majority of serious criminal offences.
  6. 18. A characteristic of an effective law that requires the law to remain relatively consistent over a period of time, rather than constantly in a state of flux.
  7. 21. The person who initiates a civil claim.
  8. 22. A law made by parliament.
  9. 23. The initiating party in a criminal offence.
  10. 25. The direct relationship between two events, where event one was the direct reason event two happened.
  11. 27. The obligation of a party to prove a criminal or civil case.
  12. 30. A failure to fulfil a civil duty or obligation.
  13. 31. A type of harm or damage suffered by a person, which may be economic or non-economic in nature.
  14. 32. A characteristic of an effective law that requires the law to mirror societies needs and wants.
  15. 36. A type of civil law that involves breaching a duty of care owed to someone.
  16. 37. The legal responsibility of a civil action.
  17. 39. A group of peers that may be used to determine the verdict in either a criminal or civil case.
  18. 41. A CSA Division of crime that categorises crimes against a person.
  19. 42. A serious criminal offence heard before a higher court and a jury if the offender pleads not guilty.
  20. 43. The principle that everyone should be bound by the same laws, and that laws should be fair and clear so people are willing to obey them.
  21. 44. The act of parliament confirming or consolidating a law made by the courts.
  22. 46. A person who has directly carried out a crime by committing the actus reus of the offence.
  23. 47. A CSA Division of crime that categorises property and deception crimes.
Down
  1. 1. An application to have part of a court judgement re-heard in an attempt to fix a potential miscarriage of justice.
  2. 2. A form of loss in civil law that relates to a person’s impaired ability to do or enjoy the things they used to.
  3. 3. A party who is alleged to have breached a civil law and is being sued by a plaintiff.
  4. 4. A principle established in a legal case that then becomes law for future cases.
  5. 5. The mental element of a criminal offence.
  6. 7. The intentional and unlawful killing of another human being.
  7. 8. A characteristic of an effective law that requires the law to have a means of providing consequences to those who breach it.
  8. 9. A principle that sets the degree to which the facts of a case must be proven.
  9. 11. The outcome of a civil dispute that is used to try and restore the affected party back to their original position.
  10. 12. The right of an accused person to be treated innocent until proven guilty of a criminal offence.
  11. 13. The legal responsibility of a third party for the wrongful actions of another person (i.e. the employer's liability for the wrong of their employees).
  12. 14. The reason for a decision made that forms a precedent for future events.
  13. 19. The act of taking legal action against another person or group, claiming they have somehow infringed your rights.
  14. 20. The required standard of proof to be met in civil disputes.
  15. 24. A Latin term used as a legal principle that states a person who accepts a risk of injury cannot hold others responsible if such injuries are sustained.
  16. 25. A law made by the courts.
  17. 26. The idea that society should cooperate and work together in order to survive and grow.
  18. 28. A dispute between two or more individuals (or groups) in which one of the individuals (or groups) makes a legal claim against the other.
  19. 29. A form of criminal offence that does not require the prosecution to prove a guilty mind existed.
  20. 33. A restriction on starting a civil claim after a certain time frame has passed.
  21. 34. The legal obligation to take reasonable care in your actions when doing anything that might cause harm.
  22. 35. The process of parliament cancelling or abolishing a law made by the courts.
  23. 38. A person who is said to have broken a criminal law.
  24. 40. An act of omission against an existing law that is harmful to an individual or society as a whole and is punishable by law.
  25. 43. A situation where a case is heard on appeal and decided differently, so a new precedent is formed that replaces the previous precedent.
  26. 45. A type of civil law that deals with the damage caused to a person's reputation in the community due to misleading or false statements made about them.