Unit 1 Modules 4-7: The Living World - Ecosystems

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Across
  1. 3. The energy captured by producers in an ecosystem minus the energy the producers respire
  2. 4. The process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy, carbon dioxide, and water.
  3. 5. The increase in global temperatures due to humans producing more greenhouse gasses
  4. 8. Of the total biomass available at a given trophic level, only about 10% can be converted into energy at the nest higher trophic level
  5. 10. The process by which cells unlock the energy of chemical compounds
  6. 13. When oxygen concentrations become so low that it kills fish and other aquaticc animals
  7. 16. The release of water from leaves into the atmosphere during photosynthesis
  8. 18. An organism that is incapable of photosynthesis and must therefore obtain its energy by consuming otherorganisms. Also known as consumers.
  9. 21. The movement of matter within and among ecosystems involving cycles of biological, geological, and chemical processes
  10. 24. The rate of converting solar energy into organic compounds over a period of time.
  11. 25. An environment with abundant oxygen
  12. 26. The proportion of consumed energy that can be passed from one trophic level to another
  13. 29. The total mass of all living matter in a specific area
  14. 31. A carnivore that eats secondary consumers
  15. 32. Water that moves across the land surface and into streams and rivers
  16. 34. The movement of phosphorus around the biosphere among reservoir sources and sinks
  17. 35. Gases in Earth's atmosphere that trap heat near the surface
  18. 41. The conversion of nitrate (NO3-) in a series of steps into the gases nitrous oxide (N2O) and, eventually (N2), which is emitted into the atmosphere
  19. 43. A consumer that eats producers. Also known as a primary consumer.
  20. 46. The total amount of solar energy that producers in an ecosystem capture via photosynthesis over a given amount of time
  21. 47. The movement of water around the biosphere among reservoir sources and sinks
  22. 48. Low in oxygen
  23. 49. A process in which dissolved molecules are transported through the soil via groundwater
  24. 50. The movement of nitrogen around the biosphere among reservoir sources and sinks
Down
  1. 1. The process by which fungal and bacterial decomposers break down the organic matter found in dead bodies and waste products and convert these organic compounds back into inorganic compounds, such as inorganic ammonium (NH4+). Also known as ammonification.
  2. 2. The combined amount of evaporation and transpiration
  3. 6. A nutrient required for the growth of an organism, but available in a lower quantity than other nutrients
  4. 7. The amount of biomass present in an ecosystem at a particular time
  5. 9. The process by which cells convert glucose into energy in the absence of oxygen
  6. 11. The movement of carbon around the bioshpereamong reservoir sources and sinks
  7. 12. The sequence of consumption from producers through tertiary consumers
  8. 14. An environment that lacks oxygen
  9. 15. A carnivore that eats primary consumers
  10. 17. A rapid increase in the algal population of a waterway
  11. 19. The successive levels of organisms consuming one another
  12. 20. The components of the biogeochemical cycle that contains the matter, including air, water, and organisms
  13. 22. An organism that consumes dead animals
  14. 23. A consumer that eats producers. Also known as an herbivore.
  15. 27. Fungi and bacteria that complete the breakdown process by converting organic matter into small elements and molecules that can be recycled back into the ecosystem
  16. 28. Plants, algae, and some bacteria that use the Sun's energy to produce usable forms of energy, such as sugars. Also known as producers.
  17. 30. Plants, algae, and some bacteria that use the Sun's energy to produce usable forms of energy, such as sugars. Also known as autotrophs.
  18. 33. A process by which plants and algae incorporate nitrogen into their tissue
  19. 36. An organism that specializes in breaking down dead tissues and waste products into smaller particlles
  20. 37. A representation of the distribution of biomass, numbers, or energy among trophic levels
  21. 38. The conversion of ammonia (NH4-) into nitrite (NO2-) and then into nitrate (NO3-)
  22. 39. An organism that is incapable of photosynthesis and must therefore obtain its energy by consuming otherorganisms. Also known as heterotrophs.
  23. 40. A consumer that eats other consumers
  24. 42. The process that converts nitrogen gas in the atmosphere (N2) into forms of nitrogen that plants and algae can use
  25. 44. A model of how energy and matter move through two or more interconnected food chains.
  26. 45. When a system's inputs equal outputs, so that the system is not changing over time