Unit 1 Vocab

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Across
  1. 3. deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material which is present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes.
  2. 5. a substance produced by a living organism which acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction.
  3. 7. a red protein responsible for transporting oxygen in the blood of vertebrates. Its molecule comprises four subunits, each containing an iron atom bound to a heme group.
  4. 10. site a region on an enzyme that binds to a protein or other substance during a reaction.
  5. 11. and Key Model the lock is the enzyme and the key is the substrate.
  6. 14. a simple sugar in plants.
  7. 15. any large group of organic compounds occurring in foods, living tissues and sugars, starch, or cellulose.
  8. 18. any of the class of sugars (e.g., glucose) that cannot be hydrolyzed to give a simpler sugar.
  9. 20. an ester formed from glycerol and three fatty acid groups.
  10. 21. compound any chemical compound that contains carbon.
  11. 23. the substance on which an enzyme acts.
  12. 24. acid a simple organic compound containing both a carboxyl (—COOH) and an amino (—NH2) group.
  13. 26. energy the minimum quantity of energy which the reacting species must possess in order to undergo a specified reaction.
Down
  1. 1. the chemical breakdown of a compound due to a reaction with water.
  2. 2. a simple sugar in carbohydrates.
  3. 3. destroy the characteristic properties of (a protein or other biological macromolecule) by heat, acidity, or other effects that disrupt its molecular conformation.
  4. 4. a hormone produced in the pancreas by the islets of Langerhans, which regulates the amount of glucose in the blood.
  5. 6. Acid a complex organic substance present in living cells, especially DNA or RNA, whose molecules consist of many nucleotides linked in a long chain.
  6. 8. any of a class of organic compounds that are fatty acids or their derivatives and are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents.
  7. 9. a lipid containing a phosphate group in its molecule.
  8. 12. complex a temporary molecule formed when an enzyme comes into perfect contact with its substrate.
  9. 13. a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change.
  10. 16. ribonucleic acid, a nucleic acid present in all living cells. Its principal role is to act as a messenger carrying instructions from DNA for controlling the synthesis of proteins.
  11. 17. a simple sugar in animals.
  12. 19. another simple sugar in plants.
  13. 22. any of a class of nitrogenous organic compounds that consist of large molecules composed of one or more long chains of amino acids and are an essential part of all living organisms.
  14. 25. a molecule that can be bonded to other identical molecules to form a polymer.