Unit 2 Absolutism, Enlightenment, and Revolutions
Across
- 3. served as king of France (1643-1715)
- 4. Queen of France (as wife of Louis XVI) who was unpopular her extravagance and opposition to reform contributed to the overthrow of the monarchy; she was guillotined along with her husband
- 6. prison that was mobbed for its weapons
- 7. proposed that people are born with certain natural rights that cannot be taken away, including life, liberty, and property.
- 8. Government in which a constitution or legislative body limits the monarch's powers
- 10. fast-falling blade; developed by a member of the legislature; as a more humane way of executing than an ax
- 11. country Napoleon invaded but decimated his army due to lack of food and weather
- 15. that a ruler's authority came directly from God.
- 17. strong supporter of the Roman Catholic Counter-Reformation. Under his rule, the Spanish empire was at its strongest; however, he was unable to control the revolt of the Netherlands and failed in his attempt to invade England.
- 18. A comprehensive and uniform system of laws established for France by Napoleon
- 20. social classes in France
- 22. A form of government in which a ruler has complete authority over the government and lives of the people he or she governs.
- 23. Distribution of military and economic power that prevents any one nation from becoming too strong.
- 24. a method of procedure that has characterized natural science since the 17th century, consisting in systematic observation, measurement, and experiment, and the formulation, testing, and modification of hypotheses.
Down
- 1. Government whose power is defined and limited by law
- 2. Informal social gathering at which writers, artists, philosophes, and others exchanged ideas.
- 5. The chief executive of parliamentary government
- 9. legislative body made up of the representatives of the three estates in pre-revolutionary France
- 11. lawyer and politician; head of Committee of Public Safety. Called "The Incorruptible" He was a Tyrant. Eventually executed by the Convention
- 12. soldier serving in a foreign army for pay. these were used during the fighting of the 30 Years' War
- 13. Russian Czar that began the process of modernizing Russia
- 14. Based on the belief that the sun is the center of the universe
- 16. Royal French residence and seat of government established by King Louis XIV.
- 19. adoption of western ideas, technology, and culture
- 21. Rights that belongs to all humans from birth, such as life, liberty, and property.