Unit 2 Biology Vocabulary

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Across
  1. 2. substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction
  2. 3. the average mass of an atom of an element, usually expressed in atomic mass units; also referred to as mass number
  3. 6. small chemical unit that makes up a polymer
  4. 8. electrons that can be actively involved in chemical change; outer shell electrons
  5. 12. reactant of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction
  6. 14. macromolecules containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus
  7. 15. the breaking down in living organisms of more complex substances into simpler ones, with the release of energy
  8. 16. type of bond between atoms in which the electrons are shared
  9. 18. compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; type of nutrient that is the major source of energy for the body
  10. 20. the center of an atom, which contains the protons and neutrons
  11. 22. smallest unit of most compounds that displays all the properties of that compound
  12. 24. compound with an amino group on one end and a carboxyl group on the other end
  13. 26. elements or compounds produced by a chemical reaction
  14. 27. substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions
  15. 29. the basic unit of matter
  16. 33. an arrangement of the elements in order of atomic number with similar elements falling into columns
  17. 35. negatively charged particle; located in the space surrounding the nucleus
  18. 36. covalent bond formed between two amino acids
  19. 37. the synthesis in living organisms of more complex substances from simpler ones
  20. 38. a carbohydrate whose molecules consist of a number of sugar molecules bonded together
  21. 39. simple sugar molecule
Down
  1. 1. macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; needed by the body for growth and repair
  2. 2. process that changes, or transforms, one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals
  3. 4. a compound that contains hydrocarbons, often associated with living things
  4. 5. atom that has a positive or negative charge
  5. 7. the combination of many small molecules to form large molecules
  6. 9. protein catalyst that speeds up the rate of specific biological reactions
  7. 10. subunit of which nucleic acids are composed; made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
  8. 11. a link between atoms
  9. 13. slight attraction that develops between oppositely charged regions of nearby molecules
  10. 17. pure substance that consists entirely of one type of atom
  11. 19. any substance that is composed of two molecules of simple sugars linked to each other
  12. 21. hydrocarbons that contain only single bonds
  13. 23. hydrocarbons that contain double or triple carbon-carbon bonds
  14. 25. chemical bond formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another
  15. 28. molecules composed of many monomers; makes up macromolecules
  16. 30. elements or compounds that enter into a chemical reaction
  17. 31. macromolecule made mostly from carbon and hydrogen atoms; includes fats, oils, and waxes
  18. 32. energy that is needed to get a reaction started
  19. 34. the number of protons in an atomic nucleus