Unit 2 Chapter 4 Biology Vocab

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Across
  1. 4. cycle A series of biochemical reactions that convert pyruvic acid into carbon dioxide and water, it is the major pathway of oxidation in animal, bacterial, and plant cells, and it releases energy.
  2. 6. Is a process by which some organisms use chemical energy to make energy-storing carbon-based molecules.
  3. 8. Describes a process that does not require oxygen.
  4. 11. A molecule in chloroplasts that absorbs some of the energy in visible light.
  5. 13. A lower-energy molecule that can be converted into ATP by the addition of a phosphate group.
  6. 14. Process that requires oxygen to occur.
  7. 15. Part of photosynthesis that uses energy absorbed during the light-dependent reactions to synthesize carbohydrates.
  8. 17. A molecule that transfers energy from the breakdown of food molecules to cell processes.
  9. 18. A series of molecules, found in the inner membranes of mitochondria and chloroplasts, through which electrons pass in the process that causes protons to build up on one side of the membrane.
  10. 19. Part of photosynthesis that absorbs energy from sunlight and transfers energy to the light-independent reactions.
Down
  1. 1. of light-absorbing pigments and proteins that capture and transfer energy in the thylakoid membrane.
  2. 2. A membrane system found within chloroplasts that contains the components for photosynthesis.
  3. 3. The process by which cells produce energy from carbohydrates; atmospheric oxygen combines with glucose to form water and carbon dioxide.
  4. 5. The anaerobic breakdown of glucose into pyruvic acid, which makes a small amount of energy available to cells in the form of ATP.
  5. 7. The breakdown of carbohydrates by enzymes, bacteria, yeasts, or mold in the absence of oxygen.
  6. 9. Product of fermentation in many types of cells, including human muscle cells.
  7. 10. A biochemical pathway of photosynthesis in which carbon dioxide is converted into glucose using ATP.
  8. 12. A process that captures energy from sunlight to make sugars that store chemical energy.
  9. 16. Enzyme that catalyzes the reaction that adds a high-energy phosphate group to ADP to form ATP.