Unit 2 Cognition Review

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Across
  1. 2. a mental predisposition or expectation that influences perception, often based on prior experiences, motives, or context.
  2. 5. A practice schedule that involves intervals of rest between sessions of learning.
  3. 7. the distortion of memory caused by exposure to misleading information after an event, leading to inaccuracies or false memories.
  4. 10. the tendency to recall information or experiences that are consistent with one's current mood or emotional state.
  5. 11. the phenomenon where individuals feel at risk of conforming to negative stereotypes about their social group, leading to decreased performance on tasks requiring intellectual ability.
  6. 14. depth cues that require only one eye to perceive depth and distance, such as relative size, interposition, and linear perspective.
  7. 17. mental ability consisting of the capacity to learn from experience, solve problems, adapt to new situations, and use knowledge to achieve goals.
  8. 22. in Piaget's theory of cognitive development, the process of incorporating new information or experiences into existing cognitive structures or schemas.
  9. 23. test designed to assess what a person has learned or accomplished in a particular area, such as academic subjects or job-related skills.
  10. 24. a mental image or representation of the typical features or essential characteristics of a category or concept.
  11. 25. a type of thinking characterized by narrowing down possible solutions to find a single correct answer, often associated with traditional problem-solving tasks.
  12. 27. the process of stabilizing and strengthening newly acquired memories over time through the reorganization of neural circuits.
  13. 28. the sudden realization or understanding of a problem's solution that contrasts with more incremental problem-solving methods.
  14. 29. the observed trend of increasing average intelligence test scores over time
Down
  1. 1. component of working memory responsible for the temporary storage and manipulation of visual and spatial information.
  2. 3. mental shortcut where judgments or decisions are based on how well an individual or event matches a particular prototype or stereotype.
  3. 4. type of amnesia characterized by the inability to form new memories after a specific event or injury, while memories from before the event remain intact
  4. 6. process of strengthening synaptic connections between neurons, believed to be a cellular mechanism underlying learning and memory.
  5. 8. Intelligence tests are common examples of this type of distribution
  6. 9. statistical technique used to identify and analyze the underlying structure of correlations between variables, often used to identify the factors underlying intelligence.
  7. 12. higher-level cognitive processes involved in goal setting, planning, problem-solving, decision-making, and self-regulation.
  8. 13. A model proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin, describing memory as consisting of three stores: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.
  9. 15. German word meaning "form" or "pattern," referring to the perceptual tendency to organize sensory information into meaningful wholes.
  10. 16. widely used intelligence test designed for adults, assessing various cognitive abilities including verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, working memory, and processing speed.
  11. 18. A phenomenon in visual perception where changes in a visual stimulus are not noticed by the observer.
  12. 19. the tendency to recall items from the beginning (primacy effect) and end (recency effect) of a list more accurately than items from the middle.
  13. 20. the retrieval of previously learned information without the aid of external cues
  14. 21. perceptual phenomenon where a rapid series of slightly different images or frames create the illusion of continuous motion, as seen in motion pictures.
  15. 26. A mnemonic technique involving the visualization of familiar spatial environments to enhance the recall of information.