Unit 2 - Culture Vocabulary

2. innate (unlearned) patterns of behavior.
4. impulse to reduce discomfort.
7. the study of how biology influences human behavior.
9. cultural guidelines that group members claim to accept.
12. norms that lack moral significance.
13. knowledge, values, customs, and physical objects that are shared by the members of a society.
16. a group of people who inhabit a specific territory and share a common culture.
18. general cultural traits that exist in all cultures.
21. judging others in terms of one’s own cultural standards.
22. rewards or punishments that can be applied by most members of a group.
24. actual behavior patterns of members of a group.
25. sanctions imposed by persons given special authority.
27. a group that is part of the dominant culture but that differs from it in some important respects.

1. rewards and punishments used to encourage people to follow norms.
3. a rule of behavior, the violation of which calls for strong punishment.
5. breaking of a rule or law.
6. ideas, knowledge, and beliefs that influence people’s behavior.
7. Categories: groups of people who share a social characteristic.
8. the ways in which a culture expresses universal traits.
10. automatic reaction to physical stimuli.
11. norms that are formally defined and enforced by officials.
14. a process of change from one point of development to another.
15. norms that have moral dimensions and that should be followed by members of the society.
17. a subculture deliberately and consciously opposed to certain beliefs or attitudes of the dominant culture.
19. broad ideas about what is good or desirable shared by people in a society.
20. the concrete, tangible objects of a culture.
23. ideas about the nature of reality.
26. rules defining appropriate and inappropriate behaviors.