Unit 2 Mastery Project

4. A procedure through which senators can end debate o a bill and proceed to action, provided ⅗ of senators to agree to it.
5. powers of the president expressly granted in the Constitution
7. a judicial decision that guides future courts in handling similar cases
8. A Supreme Court decision that established judicial review over federal laws
11. A slowdown or halt in Congress’s ability to legislate and overcome divisions, especially those based on partisanship.
12. period at the end of a presidential term when Congress may block presidential initiatives and nominees.
13. powers not laid out in the Constitution but used to carry out presidential duties
14. coordinated and mutually beneficial activities of the bureaucracy, Congress, and interest groups to achieve shared policy goals.

1. A system of hiring and promotion based on competitive testing results, education, and other qualifications rather than politics and personal connections.
2. the authority of the Supreme Court to strike down a law or executive action if it conflicts with the Constitution.
3. the practice of letting a previous legal decision stand
6. legislation that directs specific funds to projects within districts or states
9. the intentional used of redistricting to benefit or restrict a specific group of voters
10. A tactic through which an individual senator may use the right of unlimited debate to delay a motion or postpone action on a piece of legislation.