Unit 2 Review

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Across
  1. 1. - before the Tokugawa centralized rule in Japan, the heads of the landowning families, called the __________, were always at war with each other for more land
  2. 5. - this philosophy devised by Rene Descartes argues that the reasoning mind is more reliable than the senses when attempting to make sense of the world
  3. 6. - this armory and prison for dissidents was the first place targeted at the start of the French Revolution
  4. 12. - Napoleon imposed the _____________ System to weaken Britain by forbidding other European countries from importing British goods
  5. 13. - To ensure their control over large areas, the Ottoman sultans used this selection system to train and staff their military and their government.
  6. 17. - (last name) this political philosopher did not believe in having representatives, but instead believed in a direct democracy where
  7. 18. - Aristotle and Ptolemy believed in the _____________theory that said the planets and the sun revolved around the earth
  8. 20. - the last name of this individual who argued that the world functions like a machine
  9. 21. - the first name of this individual who used a telescope to discover sunspots, mountains on the moon, and discovered four of Jupiter's moons
  10. 23. - these foreigners who set up the Qing dynasty forced everyone to get a queue haircut
  11. 25. - though he removed the privileges of the nobility and the clergy, his code of laws gave men and women equal rights
  12. 26. - this Mughal ruler did not tolerate Hindus, implemented a tax on Hindus and banned the building of Hindu temples.
  13. 28. - the last name of this individual who proved that the planets orbit in an elliptical pattern.
  14. 29. - In the Ottoman Empire, the sultan would whisper behind a screen his orders to the grand _______ who would then relay them to the imperial council
  15. 30. - (last name) This political philosopher believed a good government had a separation of powers and a system of checks and balances
Down
  1. 2. - Shah _______ founded the Safavid dynasty, and tried to impose Shia Islam on his own people and on neighboring Ottoman Turks
  2. 3. - (plural) these elite soldiers in the Ottoman Empire were Christian slaves who were trained to fight for the sultan
  3. 4. - This Austrian ruler abolished serfdom, supported public education, repealed the death penalty, established the principle of equal treatment, tolerated different religious groups.
  4. 7. - these daimyo were considered by the Tokugawa as outsiders, since they were not allied with the Tokugawa and therefore were less trusted
  5. 8. - This Ming emperor commissioned Zheng He to pursue seven voyages to forge tributary relations with neighboring states in southeast Asia
  6. 9. - In the Ottoman Empire religious groups were organized into _______ whereby they each had a leader who was responsible for ensuring their taxes were paid to the government
  7. 10. - under this system, the Tokugawa required relatives of the daimyo to stay in the capital Edo, whenever the daimyo were away
  8. 11. - these daimyo were considered by the Tokugawa as insiders since they were allies
  9. 14. - his rule brought the peak of the Ottoman Empire, he simplified the law code, patronized the arts, built up Istanbul
  10. 15. - While the nobility in Europe in the 18th century lived lives of luxury, most people had to make goods in their home, this was known as the __________ industry
  11. 16. - the last name of the founder of the Tokugawa family who brought centralized rule to Japan
  12. 19. - This Ottoman ruler sacked Constantinople
  13. 22. - This moderately enlightened Prussian ruler enlarged the Prussian army to 200,000, abolished the use of torture, granted limited freedom of speech, improved the lives of peasants by importing certain crops, but kept serfdom.
  14. 24. - This unenlightened ruler of Russia exempted the nobles from having to pay any taxes and expanded the size of Russia acquiring half of Poland's territory.
  15. 27. - During the Enlightenment, this belief became popular because it held that God did not meddle in human affairs, and instead created the world like a clock that works on its own