Unit 2 Vocab Words

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Across
  1. 3. A controversial statement (a claim) supported by evidence and a warrant; the standards of a logically good argument include acceptability, relevance, sufficiency; argumentation is the uniquely human use of reasoning to communicate
  2. 5. The part of the affirmative case that identifies a certain problem in the status quo that the existing system cannot solve
  3. 7. A speech that presents a debater’s basic arguments for or against the resolution; in a formal debate, this is the opening and main speech
  4. 8. A method used for developing a case about policies that advocates adoption of the plan based on its advantages compared with the status quo or some other policy; in other words, you are arguing to establish that one plan is better than another plan
  5. 10. The course of action currently pursued; this is also known as the present system
  6. 11. The structure of the debate that both sides agree to use; there are several types but two we will study are
  7. 18. The type of reasoning that examines the reasons certain actions, events, or conditions (causes) create specific consequences (effects)
  8. 21. A method used for developing a case about policies that involves the identification of a need, proposal of a plan, and a demonstration of the advantages (the team must explain the positive effects of their plan)
  9. 23. Observable data, something that can be proved, used to support arguments
  10. 24. A statement that explains other facts or that predicts the occurrence of events
  11. 26. The formal process of arguing about claims in situations where an adjudicator must decide the outcome
  12. 30. A logical argument must meet the standards of: acceptability, relevance, and sufficiency; this is sometimes referred to as the “RSA triangle”
  13. 31. The intentional use of language, voice, and body language used by a debater in order to persuade
Down
  1. 1. A final claim made by a debater and supported by a combination of claims; the four main types are: definition, description, relationship, and evaluation (value)
  2. 2. A method of reasoning used in cause-and-effect analysis that examines more than one case where two elements are simultaneously present, concluding that one is the cause of the other
  3. 4. A model of argument developed by philosopher Stephen Toulmin; the basic model includes evidence, warrant, claim, and reservation; this model is popular for constructing debate speeches
  4. 6. A method of reasoning used in cause-and-effect analysis that examines examples wherein both the purported cause and purported effect are absent, concluding that one caused the other
  5. 9. A type of evidence that supports associations between things based on their similarity or dissimilarity
  6. 12. Supporting an association between specific examples and a general rule
  7. 13. Rejecting something because it is incompatible with something else
  8. 14. A strategy the negative uses to defend the present system with minor changes
  9. 15. Supporting a claim with the opinion of experts
  10. 16. A method of reason used in cause-and-effect analysis that examines examples that demonstrate that as the amount of the cause increases (or decreases) the effect will too
  11. 17. A period during the debate when a member of one team asks questions of a member of the opposing team
  12. 19. Supporting associations between causes and effects
  13. 20. Aristotle’s concept that a persuasive argument will make appeals based on logic, emotion, and credibility (logos, pathos, ethos)
  14. 22. Supporting a certain action based on the connection between that action and a general principle
  15. 25. An exception made to a claim; it usually involves a situation in which the arguer does not wish to maintain the claim
  16. 27. An observer of a debate who has the responsibility of deciding which team has done a better job of debating
  17. 28. A course of action proposed by the affirmative that will solve the problems identified in the need
  18. 29. A document on which the judge records the decision, the reasons for the decision, and speaker points awarded to each debater