Unit 2 Vocabulary

1. the presence of people from different cultures with different languages and religions; hostility toward foreigners.
6. trapped sharecroppers on the land because they could not make enough money to pay off their debts and leave, nor could they declare bankruptcy
8. taxes that helped the government pay off the bonds that had been issued to pay for the Civil War.
10. the idea that states had the right to declare a federal law null, or not valid.
11. a rebellion against slaveholders
13. a person who buys and sell commodities for profit; dealer; trader
14. the wearing down of one side by the other through exhaustion of soldiers and resources
15. A belief that slavery had to be ended gradually.
17. The practice of appointing people to government jobs on the basis of party loyalty and support.
19. becoming part of the United States.

2. The idea that African Americans should be freed immediately, without gradual measures or compensation to former slaveholders.
3. popular vote, on the constitution.
4. When candidates criticized each others personalities and morals.
5. A legalized form of kidnapping that forced people into the military service.
7. railroads built to connect west coast to the rest of the country.
9. A person's right not to be imprisoned unless charged with a crime and given a trial
12. gaining money illegally through politics
13. searching and raiding for food
16. a pardon to all southerners who took an oath of loyalty to the United States and accepted the Union's proclamations concerning slavery.
18. pioneers that settled on lands they did not own.