Unit 3 & 4 Review: Cellular Energetics, Cellular Communication and Cell Cycle

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Across
  1. 7. Released with simple diffusion, the receptor is intracellular
  2. 8. Released with exocytosis, the receptor is extracellular
  3. 10. Type of signaling that requires close proxmitity but not directly touching
  4. 11. Consists of G1, S, and G2 phases of the cell cycle
  5. 16. Activated during cellular communication and activates intracellulae processes
  6. 17. Phase of the cell cycle where it checks for complete chromosome set and enough cell components, but stops if DNA is damaged so it can be repaired and to intiate cell death
  7. 19. Phase of the cell cycle where it checks for DNA damage, CDKs, adds phosphate. Also stops cell cycle if theres rubisco blocks (tumor supressor genes) and p53.
  8. 20. Stage of mitosis in cell cycle where nucleus breaks down, chromosomes appear, and 2 copies of DNA
  9. 21. Stage of mitosis in cell cycle where centrioles move to the poles and spindle fibers attach to centromete of chromose.
  10. 23. Type of signaling that travels through the blood stream
  11. 24. Electros (NADH + FADH2) + O2 -> ATP + H20. Occurs in mitochondrial cristae. Electrons provide energy for proton gradient production.
  12. 26. Exergonic reaction. Equation: C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36 ATP.
  13. 27. Signnaling cascades symbols from the receptor to cell targets.
  14. 28. Stage of mitosis in cell cycle where cytokinesis occurs, nucleus reforms and chromosomes unwind
Down
  1. 1. Amplifies the reaction
  2. 2. The process where a single cell divides twice to produce four cells containing half the original amount of genetic information
  3. 3. Protein kinase -> phosphorylation relays molecules
  4. 4. The process by which a cell replicates its chromosomes and then segregates them, producing two identical nuclei in preparation for cell division
  5. 5. Maintains homeostatsis and pulls back
  6. 6. Ligand binds to the receptor and causes a confirmational shape change.
  7. 9. Equation: Pyruvate -> CO2 + NADH + Acetyl CoA. Occurs in the mitochondrial matrix. Prepares the pyruvate for the Krebs Cycle.
  8. 12. Cell growth, secretion of molecules, gene expressions, cell apoptosis
  9. 13. Equation: 6 NADPH + 9 ATP -> G3P. Occurs in the stroma. Stores energy in the form of G3P and switches inorganic carbon to organic carbon.
  10. 14. Acetyl CoA -> 3 NADH + FADH 2 + ATP + 2CO2. Occurs in the mitrochondrial matrix. NADH & FADH2 carries electrons to the ETC. Completes the breakdown of glucose.
  11. 15. Protons + H2O -> ATP + NADPH + O2. Occurs in thylakoid membrane. ATP is produced for the Calvin Cycle.
  12. 18. Stage of mitosis in cell cycle where chromosomes are pulled apart to the centriole
  13. 19. Equation: Glucose -> 2 NADH + 2 ATP + 2 Pyruvate. Occurs in the cytosol. The NADH carries the electrons to the ETC to perform aerobic respirtation.
  14. 22. Phase of the cell cycle where it checks for replication errors and also stops the cell cycle if there is ataxia telangiectaisa mutated, then halts to repair or intiates cell death
  15. 25. Type of signaling that requires direct contact