Unit 3 Crossword
Across
- 7. Oblong lymphoid aggregates of the gut located chiefly in the wall of the terminal and small intestine.
- 9. Patches of lymphatic tissue containing B and T cells that underlie the surface of most mucosal surfaces in the body.
- 13. Molecules on the surfaces of many types of microbes that are not present on host cells that mark the microbes as foreign.
- 14. neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils.
- 15. Butterfly-shaped organ near the tip of the sternum that is the site of T-cell maturation.
- 18. ability of the body to recognize and react with multiple foreign substances
- 19. immunity that arises naturally in an organism via previous experience with the antigen.
- 20. A collection of monocytes and macrophages scattered throughout the extracellular spaces that function to engulf and degrade foreign molecules.
- 22. Enzymes secreted by cytotoxic T cells that damage proteins of target cells.
- 25. infection spreads to several sites and tissue
- 26. any cell, particle, or chemical that induces a specific immune response by B cells or T cells and can stimulate resistance to an infection or a toxin
- 27. pus formers:pneumococci, streptococci, staphylococci, and neisseriae.
- 30. period from the initial contact with an infectious agent to the appearance of the first symptom
- 33. originating or produced within an organism or one of its parts
- 35. Immunity acquired through direct stimulation of the immune system by antigen.
- 36. microbes gain a more stable foothold at the portal of entry
- 37. Proteins released by cytotoxic T cells that produce pores in target cells
- 38. Regulatory chemical released by cells of the immune system that serves as signal between different cells.
- 39. microbe passes host defense
- 41. Bacterial toxins that are potent stimuli for T cells and can be a factor in diseases such as toxic shock
- 43. first line and second line of defense
- 44. progresses and persistent infection
- 46. A specific chemical product of microbes, plants, and some animals that is poisonous to other organisms.
- 47. hazardous, outmoded process of deliberately introducing smallpox material scraped from a victim into the nonimmune subject in the hope of inducing resistance
- 48. serum protein components that act in a definite sequence when set in motion either by an antigen-antibody complex or by factors of the alternative (properdin) pathway
- 49. white blood cells capable of engulfing other cells and particles.
- 50. An extracellular enzyme chiefly for hydrolysis of nutrient macromolecules that are otherwise impervious to the cell membrane.
Down
- 1. Originating outside the body.
- 2. An infection that produces no noticeable symptoms even though the microbe is active in the host tissue.
- 3. plasmalike fluid carried by lymphatic cirrculation
- 4. Patches of lymphatic tissue containing B and T cells that underlie the surface of many skin surfaces in the body.
- 5. antigen that is present in some but not all members of the same species.
- 6. relative capacity of a pathogen to invade and harm host cells
- 8. observed by others
- 10. large amount of white blood cells
- 11. microbes found on/in normal human
- 12. more than one microbe infection
- 16. process by which the various types of blood cells are formed, such as in the bone marrow.
- 17. precise molecular group of an antigen that defines its specificity and triggers the immune response.
- 21. incomplete or partial antigen
- 23. third line of defense
- 24. disease communication, the natural host or habitat of a pathogen.
- 28. swelling, redness post trauma
- 29. comes on rapidly with severe, but short effects
- 30. chemical class of proteins to which antibodies belong
- 31. injection of whole microbes (killed or attenuated), toxoids, or parts of microbes as a prevention or cure for disease.
- 32. A toxin (usually protein) that is secreted and acts upon a specific cellular target.
- 34. evidence of disease sense by patient
- 40. state of being inactive
- 42. leukocyte (white blood cell) having globular, nonlobed nuclei and lacking prominent cytoplasmic granules.
- 45. enzyme found in sweat, tears, and saliva that breaks down bacterial peptidoglycan.