Unit 3: Foundation of American Democracy Vocab

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Across
  1. 3. An outgrowth of the first elective governing body in a British overseas possession, the General Assembly of Virginia
  2. 5. Counterbalancing influences by which an organization or system is regulated, typically those ensuring that political power is not concentrated in the hands of individuals or groups
  3. 6. The quality of being in accordance with a political constitution
  4. 12. A plan unsuccessfully proposed at the Constitutional Convention, providing for a single legislative house with equal representation for each state
  5. 13. Prohibits the government from "establishing" a religion
  6. 16. Scottish economist and philosopher who was a pioneer of political economy and a key figure during the Scottish Enlightenment
  7. 17. Best known for The Spirit of Laws (1748), one of the great works in the history of political theory and of jurisprudence
  8. 18. The prosecution of a person twice for the same offense
  9. 21. Protects citizens' right to practice their religion as they please, so long as the practice does not run afoul of a "public morals" or a "compelling" governmental interest
  10. 23. A theory or model that originated during the Age of Enlightenment and usually concerns the legitimacy of the authority of the state over the individual
  11. 24. Three-fifths of the slave population would be counted for determining direct taxation and representation in the House of Representatives
  12. 25. An unwritten, unofficial policy of the British government in practice from about the late 1600s to the mid-1700s that allowed its North American colonies to be left largely on their own with little British interference
  13. 26. Formally an act declaring the rights and liberties of the subject and settling the succession of the crown (1689)
  14. 27. English philosopher and physician, widely regarded as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinkers and commonly known as the "Father of Liberalism"
Down
  1. 1. An agreement reached during the Constitutional Convention of 1787 between delegates of the states with large and small populations that defined the structure of Congress and the number of representatives each state would have in Congress
  2. 2. Developed theories of government in which some or even all the people would govern and had a profound effect on the American and French revolutions and the democratic governments that they produced
  3. 4. Sign or give formal consent to (a treaty, contract, or agreement), making it officially valid
  4. 7. Rights that are not dependent on the laws or customs of any particular culture or government, and so are universal, fundamental and inalienable
  5. 8. First governing document of Plymouth Colony; written by the male passengers of the Mayflower, consisting of separatist Puritans, adventurers, and tradesmen
  6. 9. Type of democracy where elected persons represent a group of people, in contrast to direct democracy
  7. 10. The right of a government or its agent to expropriate private property for public use, with payment of compensation
  8. 11. Document that was approved by the Continental Congress on July 4, 1776, and that announced the separation of 13 North American British colonies from Great Britain
  9. 14. To set up an electoral college system that allowed voters to vote for electors,who would then cast their votes for candidates
  10. 15. Review by the US Supreme Court of the constitutional validity of a legislative act
  11. 16. The original constitution of the US, ratified in 1781, which was replaced by the US Constitution in 1789
  12. 19. A royal charter of rights agreed to by King John of England at Runnymede, near Windsor, on 15 June 1215
  13. 20. The principle that the authority of a state and its government are created and sustained by the consent of its people, through their elected representatives, who are the source of all political power
  14. 22. Outlined a strong national government with three branches: legislative, executive, and judicial. The plan called for a legislature divided into two bodies (the Senate and the House of Representatives) with proportional representation