Unit 3: Land and Water Use

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Across
  1. 6. The agricultural process of cultivating, managing, and harvesting plants for food, fiber, biofuel, and other commercial uses.
  2. 8. The methods used to cultivate land and raise livestock, broadly divided into high-input industrialized (commercial) farming and low-input subsistence farming.
  3. 11. The direct manipulation of an organism's DNA using biotechnology to introduce desirable traits, such as pest resistance, disease resistance, or drought tolerance.
  4. 12. The mass movement of human populations from rural areas to urban centers, leading to the physical growth of cities, expanded impervious surfaces, and altered land use.
  5. 14. The practice of setting aside natural lands and resources to protect them entirely from human exploitation, extraction, or environmental alteration.
  6. 15. Farming practices designed to meet current food and fiber needs without compromising soil health, biodiversity, natural resources, or future generations.
  7. 16. The artificial application of water to land or soil to assist in growing crops using techniques such as drip, flood, furrow, or center-pivot spray systems.
  8. 17. A multi-faceted pest control strategy combining biological, cultural, physical, and targeted chemical tactics to minimize crop damage while reducing reliance on synthetic pesticides.
  9. 18. Actions taken to prevent, reduce, or offset the severity of environmental impacts, habitat destruction, or greenhouse gas emissions caused by human activities.
Down
  1. 1. The growing economic, technological, and cultural integration of world nations, leading to increased international trade, global resource consumption, and transboundary environmental impacts.
  2. 2. The process of cleaning up, neutralizing, or removing chemical contaminants and pollutants from polluted soil, groundwater, or surface water.
  3. 3. The commercial farming and harvesting of aquatic organisms, including fish, shellfish, and aquatic plants, in controlled freshwater or marine environments.
  4. 4. The active ecological process of assisting the recovery and rehabilitation of a degraded, damaged, or destroyed ecosystem to its natural structure and function.
  5. 5. Excessive grazing by livestock on vegetation without sufficient recovery time, resulting in soil compaction, loss of plant cover, and accelerated soil erosion.
  6. 7. The essential amounts of macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, fats) and micronutrients (vitamins, minerals) needed to sustain human health, growth, and metabolic functions.
  7. 9. The permanent clearing or removal of forests for agriculture, urban development, or timber extraction, leading to habitat loss, reduced carbon sequestration, and soil erosion.
  8. 10. The process by which fertile, semi-arid, or dry lands become increasingly arid and desert-like due to climate change, deforestation, overgrazing, and poor land management.
  9. 13. A 20th-century agricultural movement that dramatically increased global crop yields through high-yielding crop varieties, synthetic fertilizers, chemical pesticides, and expanded irrigation.