Unit 3: Plate Tectonics
Across
- 5. a small, violently erupting volcano formed by an accumulation of large pyroclastic materials around a vent (two words)
- 7. aka P-waves, cause particles in a material to undergo a push-pull type motion
- 9. a long, linear, dropped-down valley between twin, parallel mountain ranges produced by faulting (two words)
- 10. the point on Earth's surface directly above the focus
- 11. a broad, flat volcano formed by layers of free-flowing, high temperature basaltic lava
- 12. mountains mountains that form when large pieces of crust are tilted, uplifted, or dropped downward between large normal faults (two words)
- 13. igneous rock formed when magma pushes through dikes and erupts onto the seafloor (two words)
- 15. a boundary that marks a denisty change between layers
- 16. a weaker, plastic like layer upon which the plates move
- 17. the sudden energy release that goes with fault movement and causes earthquakes, or seismic vibrations (____ rebound)
- 18. tectonic plate boundary that exists as a large fault, or crack, along which lithospheric plates move in a horizontal direction (slide past one another in opposite directions)
- 21. aka S-waves, are body waves that travel more slowly than primary waves, S-waves cause particles to move perpendicular to the directions of wave travel
- 22. tectonic plate boundary where lithospheric plates are moving apart
Down
- 1. a cycle of processes that form all mountain ranges, resulting in broad mountain belts, most of which are associated with plate boundaries
- 2. a measure of the resistance of a fluid to flow
- 3. a tectonic plate boundary where lithospheric plates collide
- 4. mountains mountains that form when large regions of Earth are forced slowly upward without much deformation
- 5. drift theory Earth's continents were joined as a single land mass, called Pangaea, that broke apart about 200 million years ago and slowly moved to their present positions
- 6. a condition of equilibrium that describes the displacement of Earth's mantle by Earth's continental and oceanic crust
- 7. any solid expelled from a volcano
- 8. a large volcano formed by alternating lava flows and violently erupting pyroclastic materials (another name stratovolcano
- 12. the point of origin of an earthquake
- 14. a continuous system of twin mountain ranges with a rift valley between them that extends around Earth on the seafloor; formed where two oceanic plates are forced apart due to magma rising from Earth's mantle (two word __-_____ ridge)
- 19. occurs when lithospheric plates converge and the edge of one plate is forced downward beneath the another, turning the subducted lithosphere back into magma
- 20. a "dead zone" between 105 and 140 degrees from an earthquakes epicenter, where nothing is recorded on a seismogram