Unit 4 crossword puzzle

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Across
  1. 3. The average concentration of an element in Earth's crust
  2. 4. The most fully decomposed organic matter in the low section of the O horizon
  3. 5. removal A mining technique in which the entire top of a mountain is removed with explosives.
  4. 8. An element with properties that allow it to conduct electricity and heat energy, and to perform other important functions.
  5. 10. Frequently the top layer of soil, a zone of organic materials and minerals that have been mixed together. Also known as topsoil
  6. 11. mining A mining technique that creates a large visible pit or hole in the ground.
  7. 13. A zone of leaching, or eluviation, found in some acidic soils under the O-Horizon or less often, the A horizon
  8. 15. Unwanted waste material created during mining including mineral and other residues that are left behind after the desired metal or ore is removed.
  9. 18. The organic horizon at the surface of many soils, composed of organic detritus in various stages of decomposition
  10. 19. The physical removal of rock fragments from a landscape or ecosystem
  11. 20. The breakdown of rocks and minerals by chemical reactions, the dissolving of chemical elements from rocks, or both.
  12. 21. A concentrated accumulation of minerals from which economically valuable materials can be extracted
  13. 23. The ability of a particular soil to absorb and release cations. Base saturation The proportion of soil bases to soil acids, expressed as a percentage
  14. 24. The least-Weathered soil horizon, which always occurs beneath the B horizon and is similar to the parent material.
Down
  1. 1. The mechanical breakdown of rock _______ weathering
  2. 2. Mining techniques used when the desired resource is more than 100 m (328 feet) below the surface of Earth.
  3. 6. The underlying rock material from which the inorganic components of a soil are derived
  4. 7. The removal of strips of soil and rock to expose ore.
  5. 9. A horizontal layer in a soil defined by distinctive physical features such as texture and color
  6. 12. The process of looking for minerals, metals, and precious stones in river sediments.
  7. 14. In resource management, the known quantity of a resource that can be economically recovered.
  8. 16. This is also known as acid rain
  9. 17. A soil horizon composed primarily of mineral material with very little organic matter
  10. 22. The loss of some or all of a soils ability to support plant growth