Unit 4 Mesopotamia Terms

2. A prominent city-state in ancient Mesopotamia, known for its architecture and the Code of Hammurabi.
5. The second major river in Mesopotamia, vital for farming and the development of early cities.
7. A complex society with cities, a central government, and social classes, including advancements in culture and technology.
8. One of the two major rivers in Mesopotamia, flowing through modern-day Iraq and crucial for irrigation.
10. An ancient region located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, known as the "Cradle of Civilization."
12. A method used to supply water to crops, essential for farming in Mesopotamia's dry climate.

1. A city that functions as an independent political unit, each with its own government and laws.
3. The earliest known form of writing developed by the Sumerians, using wedge-shaped marks on clay tablets.
4. A large territory ruled by a single authority or leader, with several empires rising in Mesopotamia.
6. A person who writes and keeps records, important for documenting laws, trade, and history in ancient Mesopotamia.
9. The southern region of Mesopotamia is known for its city-states and the invention of cuneiform writing.
11. A skilled worker who creates handmade goods, contributing to the economy through pottery, textiles, and metalwork.