Unit 4 Vocab

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Across
  1. 3. process that does not require oxygen
  2. 5. saclike photosynthetic membranes found in chloroplasts
  3. 7. series of electron carrier proteins that shuttle high-energy electrons during ATP-generating reactions
  4. 11. organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy
  5. 14. set of reactions in photosynthesis that do not require light; energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugar; also called the Calvin cycle
  6. 15. process that requires oxygen
  7. 16. second stage of cellular respiration in which pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions
  8. 17. organism that obtains food by consuming other living things; also called a consumer
  9. 19. process used by plants and other autotrophs to capture light energy and use it to power chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy-rich carbohydrates such as sugars and starches
  10. 21. compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; type of nutrient that is the major source of energy for the body
  11. 22. Fermentation process by which cells release energy in the absence of oxygen; produces lactic acid
  12. 24. ability to do work
Down
  1. 1. simple sugar molecule
  2. 2. set of reactions in photosynthesis that use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH
  3. 4. organism that is able to capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds; also called a producer
  4. 6. first set of reactions in cellular respiration during which one molecule of glucose (a 6 carbon compound) is transformed into 2 molecules of pyruvic acid (a 3 carbon compound)
  5. 8. measure of heat energy in food; equivalent to 1000 calories
  6. 9. process that releases energy from food in the presence of oxygen
  7. 10. a complex carbohydrate made up of many monosaccharides
  8. 12. cell organelle that converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use
  9. 13. compound used by cells to store and release energy
  10. 18. light-absorbing molecules used by plants to gather the sun’s energy
  11. 20. fluid portion of the chloroplast; outside of the thylakoids
  12. 23. process by which cells release energy in the absence of oxygen; produces carbon dioxide and alcohol