Unit 5 Vocab :)

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Across
  1. 2. substance that causes an allergic reaction
  2. 3. Theory theory that proposes eukaryotic cells evolved through a symbiotic relationship between ancient prokaryotes
  3. 5. substance prepared from dead or weakened pathogens, or mRNA, then introduced into a body to produce immunity
  4. 7. structures structures that are the same but have different functions in different species. EX: whale's fin and the human arm
  5. 9. any inherited structure, behavior, or internal process that enables an organism to respond to their environment and produce offspring
  6. 14. a very small particle, containing DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein. It attaches to living cells, hijacking their organelles to make more viruses, often causing illness.
  7. 15. vector disease-carrying organism, such as a rat, mosquito, or fly that spreads infectious diseases
  8. 18. process in which a liquid is heated to a temperature that kills most bacteria
  9. 21. disease disease caused by a virus, bacterium, fungus, or protist that is spread from an infected organism or the environment to another organism
  10. 22. structures extra structure/body part that is NOT needed by the organism EX: human appendix
  11. 23. immunity long lasting immunity that results when the body makes its own antibodies in response to a specific antigen
Down
  1. 1. selection natural selection that favors average individuals in a population. EX: Average size spiders more likely to survive than larger or smaller spiders. Large-->easily eaten by predators. Small-->cannot find food or compete for food with larger spiders
  2. 2. a protein made in response to a specific antigen that can attach to the antigen and cause it to be useless
  3. 4. selection occurs when natural selection favors ONE extreme variation in a trait EX: woodpeckers eating insects deep inside a tree, only woodpeckers with extremely Long beaks will be able to access food source
  4. 6. disease disease such as cancer, diabetes, or asthma, that is not spread from one person to another
  5. 8. selection theory that was proposed by Charles Darwin as an explanation for how change happens in a population over time
  6. 10. immunity immunity that results when antibodies produced in one animal are introduced into another's body; does not last as long as active immunity
  7. 11. selection individuals with either extreme of a trait are favored over average individuals
  8. 12. a protein ID tag on the outside of cells, often causing the production of antibodies
  9. 13. Evolution a pattern of evolution in which species that were once similar to an ancestral species become increasingly distinct
  10. 16. evolution a pattern of evolution in which distantly related organisms evolve similar traits, occurs when unrelated species occupy similar environments, because they face similar environmental pressures they develop similar adaptations
  11. 17. overly strong reaction of the immune system to a foreign substance
  12. 18. soup theory theory that suggests life began in a pond or ocean as a result of the combination of chemicals from the atmosphere and some form of energy (lightning) to make amino acids (the building blocks of proteins)
  13. 19. structures structures that have a different structural make up but have the same function. EX: bird's wing and butterfly's wing
  14. 20. transmitted disease (STD) infectious disease such as chlamydia, AIDS, or genital herpes , that is passed from one person to another during sexual contact