Unit 5 Vocab

12345678910111213141516171819202122232425
Across
  1. 5. overly strong reaction of the immune system to a foreign substance
  2. 8. disease such as cancer, diabetes, or asthma, that is not spread from one person to another
  3. 11. a very small particle, containing DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein. It attaches to living cells, hijacking their organelles to make more viruses, often causing illness.
  4. 15. long lasting immunity that results when the body makes its own antibodies in response to a specific antigen
  5. 16. theory that suggests life began in a pond or ocean as a result of the combination of chemicals from the atmosphere and some form of energy (lightning) to make amino acids (the building blocks of proteins)
  6. 18. disease-carrying organism, such as a rat, mosquito, or fly that spreads infectious diseases
  7. 22. natural selection that favors average individuals in a population. EX: Average size spiders more likely to survive than larger or smaller spiders. Large-->easily eaten by predators. Small-->cannot find food or compete for food with larger spiders
  8. 24. extra structure/body part that is NOT needed by the organism EX: human appendix
  9. 25. occurs when natural selection favors ONE extreme variation in a trait EX: woodpeckers eating insects deep inside a tree, only woodpeckers with extremely Long beaks will be able to access food source
Down
  1. 1. immunity that results when antibodies produced in one animal are introduced into another's body; does not last as long as active immunity
  2. 2. individuals with either extreme of a trait are favored over average individuals
  3. 3. structures that are the same but have different functions in different species. EX: whale's fin and the human arm
  4. 4. structures that have a different structural make up but have the same function. EX: bird's wing and butterfly's wing
  5. 6. substance prepared from dead or weakened pathogens, or mRNA, then introduced into a body to produce immunity
  6. 7. a pattern of evolution in which species that were once similar to an ancestral species become increasingly distinct
  7. 9. a protein ID tag on the outside of cells, often causing the production of antibodies
  8. 10. theory that proposes eukaryotic cells evolved through a symbiotic relationship between ancient prokaryotes
  9. 12. disease caused by a virus, bacterium, fungus, or protist that is spread from an infected organism or the environment to another organism
  10. 13. (STD) infectious disease such as chlamydia, AIDS, or genital herpes , that is passed from one person to another during sexual contact
  11. 14. a protein made in response to a specific antigen that can attach to the antigen and cause it to be useless
  12. 17. a pattern of evolution in which distantly related organisms evolve similar traits, occurs when unrelated species occupy similar environments, because they face similar environmental pressures they develop similar adaptations
  13. 19. process in which a liquid is heated to a temperature that kills most bacteria
  14. 20. theory that was proposed by Charles Darwin as an explanation for how change happens in a population over time
  15. 21. any inherited structure, behavior, or internal process that enables an organism to respond to their environment and produce offspring
  16. 23. substance that causes an allergic reaction