Unit 5 Vocabulary

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Across
  1. 2. to mean an excess of. commodity exports over commodity imports
  2. 3. Line of demarcation separated the land between Portugal and Spain
  3. 4. to the exchange of diseases, ideas, food. crops, and populations between the New World and the Old World following the voyage to the Americas by Christo pher Columbus in 1492.
  4. 6. a racial classification used to refer to a person of a combined European and Indigenous American ancestry.
  5. 9. an economic policy that is designed to maximize the exports and minimize the imports for an economy.
  6. 11. a Portuguese mariner and explorer.
  7. 14. an economic policy that is designed to maximize the exports and minimize the imports for an economy.
  8. 17. a Portuguese explorer and the first European to reach India by sea.
  9. 19. a company whose stock is owned jointly by the shareholders.
  10. 20. officially the United East India Company, was a megacorporation founded by a government-directed consolidation of several rival Dutch trading companies in the early 17th century.
Down
  1. 1. a multilateral system of trading in which a country pays for its imports from one country by its exports to another.
  2. 5. that one person has total ownership of another
  3. 7. the Edo shogunate, was the military government of Japan during the Edo period from 1603 to 1868.
  4. 8. a trading body for English merchants, specifically to participate in the East Indian spice trade. It later added such items as cotton and silk
  5. 10. a Portuguese explorer and Hispanic Monarchy's subject from 1518.
  6. 12. a grant by the Spanish Crown to a colonist in America conferring the right to demand tribute and forced labor from the Indian inhabitants of an area.
  7. 13. a central figure in the early days of the Portuguese Empire and in the 15th-century European maritime discoveries and maritime expansion.
  8. 15. an Italian explorer and navigator who completed four voyages across the Atlantic Ocean, opening the way for the widespread European exploration and colonization of the Americas
  9. 16. the last Inca Emperor. After defeating his brother, Atahualpa became very briefly the last Sapa Inca of the Inca Empire before the Spanish conquest ended his reign.
  10. 18. the transportation by slave traders of various enslaved African people, mainly to the Americas. The slave trade regularly used the triangular trade route and its Middle Passage, and existed from the 16th to the 19th centuries.