Unit 7 Module 57/58/59 Vocab

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Across
  1. 4. international division of labor The global pattern where production is divided among countries, with lower-cost labor often doing manufacturing and higher-income countries controlling management, design, finance, or technology.
  2. 5. effects Additional economic growth created when one economic activity leads to more jobs, spending, and related businesses in a region.
  3. 6. economic zone A designated area within a country with special rules, tax breaks, or incentives to attract foreign investment and manufacturing.
  4. 7. A flexible system of production that uses specialized products, smaller batches, technology, and adaptable labor instead of mass production alone.
  5. 9. development Development that meets present needs while protecting resources and opportunities for future generations.
  6. 11. zone An area where goods can be imported, stored, processed, or exported with reduced tariffs or fewer trade restrictions.
  7. 13. disinvestment The withdrawal of business investment from a place, often through factory closures, job losses, or relocation of production.
  8. 15. pole A place or industry that attracts investment and stimulates economic development in the surrounding area.
  9. 17. Hiring another company or outside group to complete work or provide services instead of doing it internally.
  10. 22. advantage The ability of a country, region, or business to produce more of a good or service than another using the same amount of resources.
  11. 23. The decline of industrial activity, especially manufacturing, in a region or economy.
  12. 26. advantage The ability of a business, region, or country to produce goods or services more efficiently or successfully than competitors.
  13. 27. market A system where people, businesses, and governments buy and sell financial assets, such as stocks, bonds, currencies, or loans.
  14. 29. Bank An international organization that provides loans and assistance for development projects, such as infrastructure, education, and poverty reduction.
  15. 32. offsets Actions or credits used to compensate for carbon emissions, often by funding projects such as reforestation or renewable energy.
  16. 35. source pollution Pollution that comes from many scattered sources, such as farm runoff, street runoff, or widespread fertilizer use.
  17. 37. depletion The using up or reduction of natural resources faster than they can be replaced.
  18. 38. Monetary Fund An international organization that provides loans and financial guidance to countries, especially during economic crises.
  19. 40. corporation A company that operates in multiple countries, often with headquarters in one country and production or sales in others.
  20. 41. A trade relationship where two places have goods, services, or resources that the other needs or wants.
Down
  1. 1. economies Cost advantages that occur when businesses locate near one another and share labor, suppliers, infrastructure, information, or customers.
  2. 2. pollution The contamination of air, water, or land by harmful substances or waste.
  3. 3. processing zone A type of special economic zone focused on manufacturing goods for export, often using imported materials and low-cost labor.
  4. 5. A South American trade bloc that promotes free trade and economic cooperation among member countries.
  5. 8. The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, a group of oil-producing states that coordinate oil production and influence global oil prices.
  6. 10. source pollution Pollution that comes from one identifiable source, such as a factory pipe, sewage outlet, or oil spill.
  7. 12. Tourism focused on natural environments that aims to support conservation, local communities, and sustainable development.
  8. 14. embargo A government ban or restriction on trade with another country, often used for political or economic pressure.
  9. 16. Moving business operations or production to another country, often to reduce labor or production costs.
  10. 18. A tax placed on imported goods, often used to protect domestic industries or raise government revenue.
  11. 19. The production of electricity and useful heat from the same energy source, increasing energy efficiency.
  12. 20. union A trade agreement where member countries reduce trade barriers with each other and use a common trade policy toward nonmembers.
  13. 21. Trade Organization An international organization that helps regulate global trade and resolve trade disputes between countries.
  14. 24. substitution industrialization A development strategy where a country tries to grow its own industries by producing goods domestically instead of importing them.
  15. 25. An economic approach that supports free markets, reduced government regulation, privatization, and expanded global trade.
  16. 28. neutrality A condition where the amount of carbon emissions released is balanced by removing or offsetting an equal amount.
  17. 30. A system of mass production using assembly lines, standardized products, and large-scale factory labor.
  18. 31. Government policies that protect domestic industries from foreign competition, often through tariffs, quotas, or subsidies.
  19. 33. advantage The ability of a country, region, or business to produce a good or service at a lower opportunity cost than another.
  20. 34. crisis A situation where a country cannot repay its debts or meet loan obligations, often leading to economic instability.
  21. 36. organization An agreement or organization that reduces barriers to trade between member countries.
  22. 39. An economic policy where a state tries to increase wealth and power by exporting more than it imports and controlling trade, often through colonies.