Universe Puzzle-Crossword

3. The "stretching" of light waves. As a galaxy moves away, the distance between wave crests increases, shifting the "fingerprint" toward the longer, redder wavelengths.
5. The leftover "glow" of short-wavelength thermal radiation from a dead star’s core.
7. Massive collections of billions of wave-emitters.
9. The stable period where a star’s wave output is consistent because gravity and fusion are in balance.
11. A map that sorts stars by the "peak" of their wave energy (temperature) and the total "volume" of waves they emit (luminosity).
13. The process that generates the EM waves in the first place. It converts mass into high-energy Gamma waves, which eventually bounce around and stretch into visible light.
14. The periodic motion that can cause a "wobble" in light waves (the Doppler Shift), which is actually how we find planets orbiting other stars!
15. The conclusion we reach because we see a universal Red Shift—all the "fingerprints" of distant galaxies are stretched, proving the universe is expanding.

1. A violent pulse that releases a "tsunami" of waves across the entire EM spectrum, from radio to gamma rays.
2. A classification based on which specific wavelengths are absorbed by a star’s atmosphere. Blue stars emit short, high-energy waves; red stars emit long, lower-energy waves.
4. A cloud that often glows because it absorbs high-energy waves from nearby stars and re-emits them at different wavelengths.
6. A star that has shifted its wave output toward the red (cooler) end of the spectrum but has increased its total surface area, emitting a massive "volume" of waves.
8. Our specific collection of stars. From our perspective, we see it as a band of light because we are looking through the "disk" of waves emitted by our neighbors.
10. The total amplitude or intensity of all EM waves radiating from the star.
12. The force that bundles matter together to create the "engines" (stars) that produce these waves.