Evolution Vocabulary

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Across
  1. 1. Process by which two species evolve in response to changes in each other.
  2. 4. Combined genetic information of all the members of a particular population.
  3. 8. Separation of a species or population so that they no longer interbreed and evolve into two separate species.
  4. 11. How well an organism can survive and reproduce in its environment.
  5. 12. A term that typically describes a species that no longer has any known living individuals.
  6. 14. Traits controlled by two or more genes and therefore has more than two phenotypes.
  7. 16. Form of natural selection in which the entire curve shifts to the left or right; occurs when individuals at one end of a distribution curve have higher fitness than individuals in the middle or at the other end of the curve.
  8. 19. A change in a species over time.
  9. 21. Principle that allele frequencies in a population will remain constant unless one or more factors cause the frequencies to change.
  10. 22. Information about past life, including the structure of organisms, what they ate, what ate them, in what environment they lived, and the order in which they lived.
  11. 23. A characteristic that improves an individual's ability to survive and reproduce in a particular environment.
  12. 25. A change in the allele frequency of a population as a result of chance events rather than natural selection.
  13. 27. Form of reproductive isolation in which two populations are separated physically by geographic barriers such as rivers, mountains, or stretches of water.
  14. 31. Breeding organisms with specific traits in order to produce offspring with desired traits.
  15. 32. Method of determining the age of a fossil by comparing its placement with that of fossils in other layers of rock; does not give the exact age of the fossil.
  16. 33. Differences between members of the same species, such as different eye colors, different height, etc.
  17. 34. Form of reproductive isolation in which two populations reproduce at different times.
  18. 35. A technique used to determine the actual age of a fossil on the basis of the amount of a radioactive element it contains.
Down
  1. 2. Process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully.
  2. 3. Form of natural selection in which the center of the curve remains in its current position, but the curve gets "taller"; occurs when individuals near the center of a distribution curve have higher fitness than individuals at either end.
  3. 5. A book by Darwin published in 1859 that proposed the mechanism for evolution that he called natural selection.
  4. 6. Situation in which allele frequencies in a population remain the same.
  5. 7. Pattern of evolution in which long stable periods are interrupted by brief periods of more rapid change.
  6. 9. A biologist who developed the theory of evolution of species. He argued that all living species evolved into their present form through the ability to adapt in a struggle for survival.
  7. 10. An organ that has no apparent function but resembles a structure of an ancestor.
  8. 13. Process by which unrelated organisms independently evolve similarities when adapting to similar environments.
  9. 15. Random effect that can occur when a small population settles in an area separated from the rest of the population and produces offspring that have new and unique allelic variations.
  10. 17. Best adapted individuals survive and adapted genes get passed to offspring.
  11. 18. Form of natural selection in which a single curve splits into two; occurs when individuals at the upper and lower ends of a distribution curve have higher fitness than individuals near the middle.
  12. 20. Presented first theory of evolution in 1809 and believed that traits acquired or lost during the life of the organism could be passed down to the offspring.
  13. 24. Trait controlled by a single gene that has two alleles and therefore has two phenotypes.
  14. 26. Form of reproductive isolation in which two populations have differences in courtship rituals or other types of behavior that prevent them from interbreeding.
  15. 27. Earth's history organized into four eras: Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic.
  16. 28. An evolutionary pattern in which many species evolve from a single ancestral species.
  17. 29. Similar structures that related species have inherited from a common ancestor.
  18. 30. Formation of new species.