Urolithiasis

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Across
  1. 2. Hypercalcaemia can predispose to this urolith; it must be removed physically
  2. 6. Expelling uroliths by catheterising the bladder and flushing saline through; requires sedation as a minimum
  3. 9. Compound which can alkalinise urine to help treatment of acidic uroliths
  4. 11. The level of these water soluble biomolecules should be LOW in the diets of dogs with urate uroliths if dissolution is to be successful
  5. 12. Linked with UTIs in dogs especially; forms in alkaline urine and is radiopaque
  6. 13. These uroliths form flat, colourless, hexagonal crystals and are linked to male Dachshunds in particular
Down
  1. 1. Drug used to treat and prevent urate urolith; decreases blood uric acid levels
  2. 3. A condition which is more common in toy breeds and is linked to urate stone formation in dogs
  3. 4. A focal point of infection; the centre of a urolith
  4. 5. Dalmatians are predisposed to the formation of this stone
  5. 7. This term refers to stones which have core type that is different to their outer layer, posing potential complications for treatment
  6. 8. Neutering based on risk of androgen-dependent cystinuria may be indicated in this terrier breed
  7. 10. A method of treating uroliths which does not require surgery or any invasive procedure; only some stones can be treated with this method