US History Unit 1 Vocab

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Across
  1. 3. A law that banned Chinese immigration for all but a select few (diplomats, who still had to get very explicit permission). Meant to last 10 years, but it was extended, and lasted over 20.
  2. 5. Had a monopoly on the Oil Industry, through his company, Standard Oil. He controlled over 90% of the country’s oil supplies during his life. Practiced philanthropy at the end of his life.
  3. 7. Push factors are a force that pushes you away from your home country (involuntary), and Pull factors are forces that draw you towards a country (voluntary)
  4. 8. Small little “apartments” 7-8 floors tall with 10-20 apartments on each floor that had no running water, electricity, a shared bathroom on each floor. Poor ventilation lead to rapid spread of disease.
  5. 11. A strike in Homestead, Pennsylvania, at the Carnegie Steel plant. Workers went on strike to protest better pay and conditions, and a violent confrontation between the “Pinkertons” (Corporate militias) resulted in deaths.
  6. 16. A Monopoly/business owner that exploits workers for profits, and is generally greedy and money-hungry. Typically also drains a county of natural resources.
  7. 17. The most well known political boss in our history. He had control of NYC, and embezzled over $200 million. He gave favors to immigrants in return for votes, which kept him in office. (Fun fact - The “Get out of Jail free card in Monopoly is based on him.)
  8. 19. The theory of “survival of the fittest” applied to the economy, in where the rich survive, and the poor don’t.
  9. 21. Rapid growth during the gilded age, where cities grew up, not out. Lots of available housing and jobs, but it created lots of problems.
  10. 23. Purchasing all the steps to produce a product (eliminating the “middle man”)
  11. 24. A period of prosperity in the United States that lasted 1877-1900s, It was a period of superficial glitter, rapid growth, corruption, and new wealth.
Down
  1. 1. The idea that the government should not interfere with the economy, and should let business compete with each other to produce a cheaper, higher quality product.
  2. 2. When one person/company owns all of a product through vertical or horizontal integration.
  3. 4. Created a monopoly on the Finance Industry. He personally financed many politicians, and had a habit of collecting monopolies.
  4. 6. Created the first monopoly ever, using the shipping industry as a foundation. Known for being very combative and cunning, he monopolized shipping, before expanding to railroads. He owned all the railroads in the Eastern and Mid-Eastern states.
  5. 9. In 1890, an act was passed that made it illegal to form trusts/monopolies. It forced people to break up their companies, but only applied to commerce. This also got rid of the Laissez Faire Economy.
  6. 10. The main immigration checkpoint on the West coast. Located in San Francisco Bay, mainly processed asian immigrants.
  7. 11. Revolutionized and monopolized automobile industry. He made cars affordable for all classes of people, and he also invented the assembly line. He was also the first to use a 5 day workweek.
  8. 12. The main immigration checkpoint on the East coast, located in NY, next to the Statue of liberty. Mainly processed european immigrants.
  9. 13. Prioritizing the interests of native born people rather than immigrants, typically by using immigration restrictions.
  10. 14. Working class people join together to fight against robber barons, for shorter work days, better pay, removal of child labor, and safer working conditions. Typically this was done through strikes.
  11. 15. Purchasing all the competitors so that you have full control of all the product.
  12. 18. A Monopoly/business owner who creates jobs, treats workers well, increases productivity, and practices philanthropy at the end of their life.
  13. 20. The image of “rags to riches.” Born to poor scottish family, immigrated, and made a monopoly on the steel industry. His company, US Steel, became the first billion-dollar company. Donated 90% of his wealth at the end of his life.
  14. 22. A competition between Nikola Tesla, and Thomas Edison to create the first monopoly over electricity, with the help of JP Morgan. Edison invented DC, and Tesla invented AC.