us history vocab

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Across
  1. 6. American steel industry, Carnegie Steel Company, controlled the U.S. steel market and related industries like mines and railroads.
  2. 10. An amendment that granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States, including former slaves, and guaranteed equal protection under the law.
  3. 11. A railroad that connected the eastern United States to the western territories, facilitating transportation and trade.
  4. 12. An amendment to the U.S. Constitution that abolished slavery and involuntary servitude.
  5. 14. American businessman who built his wealth controlling the railroad industry.
  6. 15. State and local laws that enforced racial segregation in the Southern United States, creating a system of institutionalized discrimination.
  7. 16. A faction of the Republican Party that believed in harsh measures against the Southern states and advocated for equal rights for Black Americans.
  8. 17. A legal provision that allowed individuals to bypass literacy tests or poll taxes if their grandfathers had been eligible to vote before the Civil War, effectively excluding Black voters.
  9. 18. The person who killed Lincoln.
  10. 19. American financier and banker who dominated corporate finance and founded JPMorgan Chase Bank
  11. 20. Powerful American industrialist or financier from the late 19th century who became wealthy through unethical business practices
Down
  1. 1. Founding and leading the Standard Oil Company
  2. 2. An amendment that granted African American men the right to vote, prohibiting the federal and state governments from denying a citizen the right to vote based on race.
  3. 3. A law that provided land to settlers in the West, encouraging westward expansion and settlement.
  4. 4. A term describing the political alignment of Southern states with the Democratic Party following the Reconstruction era, often opposing civil rights for Black Americans.
  5. 5. Fees that individuals had to pay in order to vote, which were often used to prevent poor and minority citizens from voting.
  6. 7. Lincoln’s plan to help rebuild the south, the south was not to be punished too harshly
  7. 8. Tests that were used to determine a person's reading and writing skills, often used to disenfranchise Black voters.
  8. 9. His disagreement with the Radical Republicans in Congress about Reconstruction policies led to his removal from office.
  9. 13. investigative journalism that exposes corruption, scandals, and social injustices, particularly those of powerful businesses and government officials