US-Iran relations

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Across
  1. 4. A 2018 campaign initiated by the Trump administration to devastate Iran's economy after withdrawing from the JCPOA.
  2. 5. War A major conflict from 1980–1988 where Iraq invaded Iran; the US eventually sided with Iraq.
  3. 8. The official mottos adopted by the new Iranian regime following the 1979 revolution about America.
  4. 9. A series of reforms introduced by the Shah in 1963 intended to modernize Iran and transform it into a global power.
  5. 14. The highest-ranking political and religious authority in the Islamic Republic, first held by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini.
  6. 16. An official designation applied to Iran by the US State Department in 1984 that continues today.
  7. 17. The 1979 uprising that ended the monarchy and established the Islamic Republic.
  8. 19. religious leader in Iran.
  9. 22. An event on September 8, 1978, where the Shah's military opened fire on protesters in Tehran, ending hopes for a peaceful compromise.
  10. 24. Groups backed by Iran, such as the Houthis and Hezbollah, used to expand regional conflict against Israel and the US.
  11. 25. name given to Nuclear, biological, or chemical weapons; preventing their acquisition by Iran has been a primary US goal.
  12. 27. The process by which a government attempts to take control of an industry
  13. 28. The Shah’s secret police, notorious for the surveillance, arrest, torture, and execution of political dissidents.
  14. 29. A type of uranium that is a critical component for both civil nuclear power and military nuclear weapons.
  15. 30. narrow body of water that connects the Persian Gulf with the Gulf of Oman
  16. 32. A 2025 military operation involving direct airstrikes by the US and Israel on Iranian nuclear facilities.
  17. 33. The former name of British Petroleum (BP), a major oil company headquartered in London that was at the center of early 20th-century tensions.
Down
  1. 1. The principle of separating government institutions from religious ones, which was perceived by some in Iran as an attack on Islamic values.
  2. 2. A 2026 operation resulting in the deaths of Supreme Leader Khamenei and other senior officials.
  3. 3. A joint pledge by President Biden and Israel to never allow Iran to obtain a nuclear weapon.
  4. 6. Strict oversight by this agency to inspect Iran’s nuclear program (initials)
  5. 7. An official ban on trade or other commercial activity with a particular country; the US implemented a near-total embargo on Iran.
  6. 10. The 444-day period from 1979 to 1981 during which 52 Americans were held captive by militants who stormed the US Embassy in Tehran.
  7. 11. The 2015 nuclear deal between Iran and global powers that restricted Iran's nuclear program in exchange for sanctions relief.
  8. 12. A system of government by one person with absolute power; in this context, it refers to the strengthened rule of Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi.
  9. 13. A 2020 US drone strike that killed Iran's second most powerful leader, bringing the nations to the brink of war.
  10. 15. 1953 _____ d'état: A US and UK-backed operation that overthrew Iran's Prime Minister to stop oil nationalization and strengthen the Shah's rule.
  11. 18. a major oil company headquartered in London that was at the center of early 20th-century tensions.
  12. 20. A term used by President George W. Bush to describe nations, including Iran, accused of pursuing WMDs and exporting terror.
  13. 21. the way a country's land and resources affect its government, trade, and relationships with other countries
  14. 23. a title of the former monarch of Iran.
  15. 26. A 1957 agreement signed by President Eisenhower that provided Iran with nuclear materials and training, launching its modern nuclear program.
  16. 31. A joint US-Israeli cyber attack discovered in 2010 that sabotaged computers used in Iran's nuclear program.