V Tuminaro Ancient Middle East Vocabulary

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Across
  1. 3. (formerly) a high official in certain Muslim countries and caliphates, especially a minister of state.Compare grand vizier.
  2. 4. (among the ancient Babylonians and Assyrians) a temple of Sumerian origin in the form of a pyramidal tower, consisting of a number of stories and having about the outside a broad ascent winding round the structure, presenting the appearance of a series of terraces.
  3. 6. a tall, aquatic plant, Cyperus papyrus, of the sedge family, native to the Nile valley: the Egyptian subspecies, C. papyrus hadidi, thought to be common in ancient times, now occurs only in several sites.
  4. 10. a title of an ancient Egyptian king.
  5. 11. a cashless economic system in which services and goods are traded at negotiated rates
  6. 13. a descent of water over a steep surface; a waterfall, especially one of considerable size.
  7. 14. government by many bureaus, administrators, and petty officials.
  8. 15. The shrivelling of a dead and retained fetus.
  9. 17. any system of persons or things ranked one above another.
  10. 18. cuneiform characters or writing.
  11. 19. a sequence of rulers from the same family, stock, or group:
  12. 20. the body of laws of a state or nation regulating ordinary private matters, as distinct from laws regulating criminal, political, or military matters.
Down
  1. 1. the laws of a state or country dealing with criminal offenses and their punishments.
  2. 2. an ancient region in W Asia between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers: now part of Iraq.
  3. 5. a stone slab, found in 1799 near Rosetta, bearing parallel inscriptions in Greek, Egyptian hieroglyphic, and demotic characters, making possible the decipherment of ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics.
  4. 7. a system or stage of economic life in which money replaces barter in the exchange of goods
  5. 8. an ancient region in southern Mesopotamia that contained a number of independent cities and city-states of which the first were established possibly as early as 5000 b.c.: conquered by the Elamites and, about 2000 b.c., by the Babylonians; a number of its cities, as Ur, Uruk, Kish, and Lagash, are major archaeological sites in southern Iraq.
  6. 9. an agricultural region extending from the Levant to Iraq.
  7. 12. 18th century b.c. or earlier, king of Babylonia.
  8. 16. Also hi·er·o·glyph·i·cal. designating or pertaining to a pictographic script, particularly that of the ancient Egyptians, in which many of the symbols are conventionalized, recognizable pictures of the things represented.