VA Studies Unit 7 Civil War

1234567891011121314
Across
  1. 2. at Harper’s Ferry — An 1859 attack led by John Brown on a federal armory in Harper’s Ferry, Virginia (now West Virginia) intended to start a revolt to free enslaved people; the raid heightened tensions between North and South.
  2. 3. Crisis (Virginia division / creation of West Virginia) — The controversy and conflict within Virginia where some regions opposed leaving the Union; this disagreement led to the western counties breaking away and forming West Virginia in 1863.
  3. 6. (Civil War leaders from Virginia) — The role of commanding, guiding, or directing military troops or civic efforts; Virginia leaders such as Robert E. Lee and “Stonewall” Jackson influenced strategy, morale, and local history.
  4. 8. Railroad — A secret network of people, routes, and safe houses that helped enslaved people escape to freedom in the North and Canada; it relied on risky, organized cooperation.
  5. 11. “Stonewall” Jackson — A Confederate general known for his strong and steady leadership in battle; his tactics and reputation made him one of the war’s most famous figures.
  6. 13. Brown — An abolitionist who believed in using force if necessary to end slavery; his raid at Harper’s Ferry made him a polarizing figure and accelerated the nation’s move toward Civil War.
  7. 14. — A person who worked to end slavery in the United States; abolitionists used speech, writing, and sometimes direct action to stop the institution of slavery.
Down
  1. 1. (major battles in Virginia) — A large military fight between armies; Virginia was the site of many important Civil War battles that affected the war’s direction and local communities.
  2. 2. E. Lee — A prominent Confederate general from Virginia who commanded the Army of Northern Virginia and whose military decisions had major effects on the war’s events in the state.
  3. 4. — The act of a state formally leaving the United States; Southern states seceded in the 1860s largely because of disagreements over slavery and states’ rights.
  4. 5. Black — A Black person who was not enslaved and lived with legal freedom before or during the Civil War; free Black people contributed to their communities and the war effort in varied and significant ways.
  5. 7. of Slavery — The system in which people were treated as property and forced to work without pay; slavery was the central cause of the Civil War.
  6. 9. Spies (Elizabeth Van Lew and Mary Bowser) — The practice of secretly gathering information for a government or military. Elizabeth Van Lew and Mary Bowser were involved in spying for the Union in Richmond, providing intelligence that helped the Union cause.
  7. 10. Tubman — A formerly enslaved person who escaped and then returned many times to lead others to freedom via the Underground Railroad; she also served as a scout and spy for the Union during the Civil War.
  8. 12. People — People who were forced to work without pay and were legally owned by others; their labor and resistance were central to the economy and the conflict that led to the Civil War.