vocab

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Across
  1. 3. A type of galaxy characterized by its elliptical shape and lack of spiral arms.
  2. 6. The total amount of energy emitted by a celestial object per unit time.
  3. 7. Electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths longer than those of infrared light but shorter than those of radio waves.
  4. 8. The number of cycles of a periodic wave that occur in a unit of time.
  5. 10. A small, dense star that has exhausted its nuclear fuel and is in the final stage of stellar evolution.
  6. 12. The prevailing cosmological model for the observable universe's earliest known periods, stating that the universe expanded from a very high-density and high-temperature state.
  7. 14. A well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world that is based on a body of evidence and has stood up to repeated testing and scrutiny.
  8. 19. The measure of a celestial object's intrinsic brightness, typically measured at a standard distance from Earth.
  9. 24. The brightness of a celestial object as observed from Earth.
  10. 25. A star that has evolved off the main sequence and has expanded and increased in luminosity.
  11. 26. Spectrum The range of all possible frequencies of electromagnetic radiation.
  12. 30. Electromagnetic radiation with the longest wavelengths and lowest frequencies in the electromagnetic spectrum.
  13. 31. Way Galaxy The spiral galaxy containing our Solar System.
Down
  1. 1. The temperature of the outer layer of a celestial object, such as a star.
  2. 2. Star A star, like the Sun, that is in the stable stage of hydrogen fusion in its core.
  3. 4. A graph that plots the luminosity of stars against their surface temperature, providing insights into stellar evolution.
  4. 5. A massive and highly luminous star in late stages of its evolution.
  5. 9. The entirety of space, time, matter, and energy, including galaxies, stars, planets, and all other forms of existence.
  6. 11. The distance between successive crests of a wave, especially electromagnetic waves.
  7. 13. A pseudoscientific belief advocating that certain features of the universe and living things are best explained by an intelligent cause rather than natural processes.
  8. 15. A classification system for stars based on their spectral characteristics, indicating temperature and composition.
  9. 16. The fundamental force of attraction between all masses in the universe, responsible for phenomena such as the orbits of planets and the formation of galaxies.
  10. 17. A luminous celestial body consisting of plasma held together by gravity, undergoing nuclear fusion in its core.
  11. 18. Interstellar clouds of dust, hydrogen, helium, and other ionized gases where stars are born.
  12. 20. A type of galaxy characterized by its irregular shape and lack of defined structure.
  13. 21. A massive system of stars, stellar remnants, interstellar gas, dust, and dark matter bound together by gravity.
  14. 22. Wave Electromagnetic radiation within the visible spectrum that stimulates the sense of sight.
  15. 23. Ray High-frequency electromagnetic radiation emitted by certain nuclear reactions or subatomic particle interactions.
  16. 27. Information indicating whether a belief or proposition is true or valid.
  17. 28. High-energy electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths shorter than those of ultraviolet light.
  18. 29. The perceived intensity of light emitted by a celestial object.