vocab #2

5. The bending, tilting, and breaking of Earth’s crust; the change in the shape of rock in response to stress
11. A break in a body of rock along which one block moves relative to another.
15. A block of lithosphere that consists of the crust and the rigid, outermost part of the mantle.
17. The thin and solid outer layer of earth above the mantle
18. The strong, lower part of the mantle between the asthenosphere and the outer core
19. The soft layer of the mantle on which the tectonic plates move
20. The hypothesis that a single large landmass broke up into smaller land masses to form the continents, which then drifted to their present locations
21. The sudden return of elastically deformed rock to its undeformed shape
22. The location within earth fault at which the first motion of an earthquake occurs.
23. The process by which Earth’s magnetic north pole and magnetic south pole switch positions periodically; a change in the direction in which Earth’s magnetic field points.
24. A system of ideas that explains many related observations and is supported by a large body of evidence acquired through scientific investigation.

1. The edge between two or more plates classified as divergent, convergent, or transform by the movement taking place between the plates.
2. The process by which new oceanic lithosphere forms when magma rises to Earth’s surface at mid-ocean ridges and solidifies, as older, existing seafloor moves away from the ridge.
3. Any movement of matter that results from differences in density; may be vertical, circular, or cyclical.
4. The boundary between tectonic plates that are sliding past each other horizontally.
6. The solid, outer layer of earth that consists of the crust and the rigid upper part of the mantle
7. The layer of rock between the Earth’s crust and core
8. The theory that Earth’s outer layer is made up of large, moving pieces called tectonic plates; the theory explains how plates interact and how those interactions relate to processes such as earthquakes and mountain building
9. is The process by which one lithospheric plate moves beneath another plate as a result of tectonic forces.
10. The central part of earth below the mantle
12. The point on Earth’s surface directly above an earthquake’s starting point, or focus
13. The boundary between tectonic plates that are colliding.
14. The boundary between two tectonic plates that are moving away from each other.
16. A movement or trembling of the ground that is caused by a sudden release of energy when rocks along a fault move.