Vocab #7

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Across
  1. 3. the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a revelation from God
  2. 4. The Hijrah or Hijra was the journey the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his followers took from Mecca to Medina.
  3. 8. an Islamic shrine at the center of the Al-Aqsa mosque compound on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem.
  4. 11. the belief in a supernatural power that organizes and animates the material universe.
  5. 12. an important battle during the Umayyad invasion of Gaul.
  6. 14. a desert valley in western Saudi Arabia, is Islam’s holiest city, as it’s the birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad and the faith itself.
  7. 17. a kingdom in East Africa and South Arabia from Classical antiquity to the Middle Ages.
  8. 18. a place of worship for Muslims
  9. 20. a triangular sail set on a long yard mounted at an angle on the mast
  10. 21. Hajj is an annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia, the holiest city for Muslims
  11. 22. a tall slender tower, typically part of a mosque, with a balcony from which a muezzin calls Muslims to prayer.
Down
  1. 1. Islamic canonical law based on the teachings of the Koran and the traditions of the Prophet (Hadith and Sunna), prescribing both religious and secular duties and sometimes retributive penalties for lawbreaking. It has generally been supplemented by legislation adapted to the conditions of the day, though the manner in which it should be applied in modern states is a subject of dispute between Islamic fundamentalists and modernists.
  2. 2. a person regarded as an inspired teacher or proclaimer of the will of God.
  3. 5. a struggle or fight against the enemies of Islam
  4. 6. a central figure in the early days of the Portuguese Empire and in the 15th-century European maritime discoveries and maritime expansion
  5. 7. an astronomical instrument dating to ancient times
  6. 9. the believer (called a Muslim, from the active particle of islām) accepts surrender to the will of Allah
  7. 10. a stone building at the center of Islam's most important mosque and holiest site, the Masjid al-Haram in Mecca, Saudi Arabia
  8. 13. Shahada (profession of faith), Salah (prayer), Zakat (almsgiving), Sawm (fasting), and Hajj (pilgrimage). Each Muslim is expected to fulfill each of these duties providing that they are physically able.
  9. 15. The Hijrah or Hijra was the journey the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his followers took from Mecca to Medina.
  10. 16. the larger of the two main branches of Islam, which differs from Shia in its understanding of the Sunna, its conception of religious leadership, and its acceptance of the first three caliphs.
  11. 19. one of the two main branches of Islam, followed especially in Iran, that rejects the first three Sunni caliphs and regards Ali, the fourth caliph, as Muhammad's first true successor.
  12. 23. Islam is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centered on the Quran and the teachings of Muhammad, the religion's founder.