Vocab 9

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Across
  1. 2. A wealthy person who financially supports artists, writers, or scholars.
  2. 4. Aiming for an idealized, perfect society
  3. 8. A peasant legally bound to the land and under the control of a lord.
  4. 10. Central Asian nomadic invaders who created the largest land empire in history.
  5. 12. A 1215 document limiting the English King's power and establishing legal rights.
  6. 13. Nomadic invaders from the East who settled in Hungary and raided Western Europe.
  7. 14. A person granted land (fief) by a lord in exchange for loyalty, military service, and protection.
  8. 15. A decentralized political and social system based on land ownership, mutual obligations, and protection.
  9. 16. A lord's estate and the center of the medieval economic system.
  10. 18. A unified legal system in England based on court decisions and custom rather than written code.
  11. 20. Concerned with worldly rather than spiritual or religious matters.
  12. 22. Nomadic groups from Northern Europe (e.g., Goths, Franks) who invaded and settled in the Western Roman Empire.
  13. 24. A series of conflicts (1337-1453) between England and France over territorial control.
Down
  1. 1. A court established by Spanish monarchs to maintain Catholic orthodoxy and persecute heresy.
  2. 3. The "rebirth" of classical art, learning, and culture in Europe (14th-17th centuries).
  3. 5. An intellectual movement focusing on human potential and achievements, often focusing on classical studies.
  4. 6. The lending of money with a high or illegal rate of interest, often forbidden by the Church.
  5. 7. A pandemic in the 14th century that killed a huge portion of Europe's population.
  6. 9. A Germanic tribe that established a powerful kingdom in modern France and Germany.
  7. 11. Holy wars launched by Western European Christians to reclaim the Holy Land from Muslims.
  8. 17. Germanic people who settled in Britain after the Romans left.
  9. 19. Relating to the Middle Ages, the period in Europe between the fall of Rome and the Renaissance.
  10. 21. The code of conduct for medieval knights, emphasizing honor, bravery, and loyalty.
  11. 23. An estate or land granted by a lord to a vassal, which included the peasants who worked it.