Vocab Buffet

1. A form of government in which supreme power resides in a body of citizens entitled to vote and is exercised by elected representatives responsible to them
3. An armed uprising of debt-ridden farmers in Massachusetts led by Daniel Shays. It exposed the weakness of the Articles of Confederation
4. An English philosopher/The primary author of the Declaration of Independence
10. principle that a government's power is restricted by law, usually a written constitution, to protect individual liberties
11. system established under the Articles to survey, divide, and sell western lands to raise revenue for the national government
12. first constitution of the United States (1781–1789), which established a weak central government and left most power to the individual states
14. political theory that individuals mutually agree to surrender some freedom to a government in exchange for the protection of their remaining rights
15. final amendment in the Bill of Rights, which states that powers not delegated to the federal government are reserved to the states or to the people
16. assembly of delegates from the Thirteen Colonies that managed the colonial war effort, adopted the Declaration of Independence
17. the formal birth certificate of the United States and a radical blueprint for global democracy

2. he belief that political authority ultimately rests with the people, who rule through their consent and votes
5. supreme law of the United States, drafted in 1787, creating a stronger federal framework with a system of checks and balances
6. A French philosopher who advocated for the separation of powers into legislative, executive, and judicial branches to prevent tyranny
7. law establishing a structured process for territories to become new states on equal footing with the original 13
8. the historical date when the Second Continental Congress formally adopted the Declaration of Independence
9. Locke’s principle that all individuals are born with fundamental rights to life, liberty, and property, which no government can justly take away
13. 18th-century intellectual movement emphasizing reason, science, individualism, and a skepticism of traditional authority