Vocabulary

4. tectonic plates move away from each other, usually forms new crust and rift valleys.
5. The semi-fluid layer of the mantle where convection currents happen.
10. Hot material rises, cooler material sinks. It drives plate tectonics.
11. Rock formed when lava or magma cools or hardens.
12. Fractures or zones of weakness in the earth's crust.
16. Large, rigid pieces of the Earth's Lithosphere that move and interact with each other along plate boundaries.
17. A group of the same species living in the same area.
18. tectonic plates move toward each other, usually forms mountains and volcanoes.
20. Includes the crust and upper part of the mantle, and is divided into tectonic plates.
21. Formed as a result of high temperature and pressure deep within earth changing a rock that already existed.

1. Extinction events that occur over a longer time period
2. Sudden events that led to a mass extinction.
3. where tectonic plates slide past each other. Causes earthquakes.
6. Name of the ancient supercontinent when it was all one landmass
7. Instruments used to measure and record seismic waves.
8. new oceanic crust is formed as tectonic plates pull apart and magma rises.
9. An opening in the earth's crust through which molten rock is pushed out and creates new rock.
13. Deep, elongated depressions in the ocean, often associates with subduction zones.
14. formed at plate boundaries usually when plates collide.
15. located between the mantle and the outer core.
19. Forms after weathering and erosion when sediments compact and cement