vocabulary

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Across
  1. 3. a tumor or growth that is not cancerous.
  2. 5. Enzyme: Proteins that act as a catalyst to accelerate a reaction. They are NOT permanently changed in the process, so they are reusable. The work with specific substrates. Their name end in -ASE
  3. 9. a cell that has only one set of chromosomes. These are gametes (egg or sperm cells)
  4. 10. Nucleus - the central membrane-bound organelle that manages cellular functions and contains DNA.
  5. 12. a specific sequence of DNA located on a chromosome. Contains the instructions to make a specific protein, creating an organism’s traits
  6. 13. Tetrad - The pair of homologous chromosomes that forms in prophase 1 and separates in anaphase
  7. 16. one specific trait (written as a letter) that is inherited in the organism's genes. •For each trait we get one allele from our biological mother and one allele from our biological father
  8. 17. Mitosis - The part of the cell cycle that divides the chromosomes into two new identical nuclei, occurs just before the cell actually divides. The new daughter cells (the two new cells) are identical to the parent cell (the original cell), these are somatic (or body) cells
  9. 19. a specific characteristic of an organism. Such as eye color, height, etc.
  10. 20. Abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. Occurs when cells begin dividing rapidly and are not stopped by the checkpoints. These are cells that should have gone through apoptosis but did not.
Down
  1. 1. organism that receives different genetic information from each parent
  2. 2. The fertilized egg that has one set of alleles from mom and one set from dad. It is a diploid cell.
  3. 4. the plural for nucleus
  4. 6. A molecule that can be bonded to another identical molecule. The smallest part of a biomolecule.
  5. 7. a large molecule made up of monomers that are joined together.
  6. 8. abnormal masses of tissues created by uncontrolled cell growth. Can be malignant (bad) or benign (not cancerous/dangerous).
  7. 11. the process by which organisms produce gametes. It goes through the same steps as mitosis, but it goes through them twice. Important because it increases genetic variation in a population.
  8. 14. cell that has 2 complete sets of chromosomes, one set from each parent. These are somatic cells (body cells
  9. 15. the three nucleotide sequence on a mRNA molecule that codes for one amino acid. 9. Gene expression
  10. 18. the end result of a biological or chemical process, what was made or created.