vocabulary

2. number: the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom.
6. mechanical model: modern description of the electrons in atoms.
8. exclusion principle: atomic orbital may describe at most two electrons.
12. wavelengths of the visible light that are separated when a beam of light passes though a prism.
13. the distance between the crests.
15. vertical column of the periodic table.
16. mass: a weighted average mass of the atoms in a naturally occuring sample of the element.
17. light quanta
20. configuration: ways in which electrons are arranged in various orbitals around the nuclei of atoms.
22. SI unit of cycles per second.
23. state: the electron has its lowest possible energy.

1. rules: states that electrons occupy orbitals of the same energy in a way that makes the number of electrons with the same spin direction as large as possible.
3. principle: electrons occupy the orbitals of lowest energy first.
4. atoms that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
5. defines as one of the mass of a carbon atom.
7. the waves height from zero to the crest.
8. table: an arrangement of elements in which the elements are separated into groups based on a set of repeating properties.
9. amount of energy requires to move an electron from one energy level to another.
10. the number of eave cycles to pass a given point per unit of time.
11. uncertainty principle: states that it is impossible to know exactly both the velocity and the position of a particle at the same time.
14. horizontal row of the periodic table.
18. emission spectrum: the pattern formed when light passes through a prism or diffraction grating the separate it into the different frequencies of light it contains.
19. levels: fixed energrys an electron can have.
21. magnetic radiation: radio waves. xrays. and gamma rays.