Volcanoes & their landforms

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Across
  1. 4. huge hole left by the collapse of a volcanic mountain
  2. 6. formed when magma forces itself across rock layers and hardens
  3. 8. lava flows out gradually building a wide, gently sloping mountain
  4. 10. Formed when groundwater is heated by a nearby body of magma or hot rock and eventually rises to the surface to collect in a natural pool
  5. 11. molten mixture of rock-forming substances, gases and water from the mantle
  6. 15. forms when magma hardens in a volcano’s pipe; softer rock around pipe wears away exposing hard rock
  7. 16. pocket where magma collects
  8. 18. unlikely to erupt again
  9. 19. has erupted, currently erupting, or has potential to erupt
  10. 20. area where material from deep within the mantle rises then melts, forming magma; a volcano forms above a hot spot when magma erupts through the crust
  11. 22. has magma high in silica with trapped gases building up pressure until they explode with incredible force
  12. 24. formed when magma squeezes between horizontal layers of rock
  13. 26. Occurs when magma, a few kilometers, beneath Earth’s surface, heats underground water and forms hot springs, geysers
  14. 27. slower moving, cooler lava
  15. 28. Fountain of water and steam that erupts from the ground when buildup of pressure is released
  16. 30. Weak spot in earth’s crust where molten material, or magma, comes to the surface
  17. 31. fast moving hot lava
Down
  1. 1. magma has low silica content, flows easily and erupts quietly with gases bubbling out gently and lava oozing quietly producing both
  2. 2. Water heated by magma can provide an energy source
  3. 3. an eruption that hurls out ash, cinders and magma bombs
  4. 4. tall, cone-shaped mountains in which layers of lava alternate with layers of ash
  5. 5. Major belt formed by many volcanoes that rim the Pacific Ocean
  6. 7. string of islands created by volcanoes near boundaries where two oceanic plates collide, and one sinks beneath the other
  7. 9. not active, but may become active
  8. 12. high, level area that has been built up over time from lava seeping out of several cracks then traveling a distance before cooling and solidifying
  9. 13. forms when an uplift pushes a batholith or smaller body of hardened magma toward the surface
  10. 14. bowl shaped area around central vent
  11. 17. mass of rock formed when a large body of magma cools inside the crust
  12. 21. smaller openings where magma leaves volcano
  13. 23. when magma reaches Earth’s surface it is called
  14. 25. lava has high viscosity it produces ash, cinders and bombs which all build up around the vent in a steep, cone-shaped hill
  15. 29. tube that connects to magma chamber to Earth's surface